the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
| 23 Oct 2023
Global application of a regional frequency analysis on extreme sea levels
Abstract. Coastal regions face increasing threats from rising sea levels and extreme weather events, highlighting the urgent need for accurate assessments of coastal flood risk. This study presents a novel approach to estimating global Extreme Sea Level (ESL) exceedance probabilities, using a Regional Frequency Analysis (RFA) approach. The research combines observed and modelled hindcast data to produce a high-resolution (~1 km) dataset of ESL exceedance probabilities, including wave setup, along the entire global coastline, excluding Antarctica.
The RFA approach offers several advantages over traditional methods, particularly in regions with limited observational data. It overcomes the challenge of short and incomplete observational records by substituting long historical records with a collection of shorter but spatially distributed records. This spatially distributed data not only retains the volume of information but also addresses the issue of sparse tide gauge coverage in less populated areas and developing nations. The RFA process is illustrated using Cyclone Yasi (2011) as a case study, demonstrating how the approach can significantly improve the characterisation of ESLs in regions prone to tropical cyclone activity.
In conclusion, this study provides a valuable resource for quantifying global coastal flood risk, offering an innovative methodology that can contribute to preparing for, and mitigating against, coastal flooding.
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Notice on discussion status
The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.
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Preprint
(3231 KB)
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The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.
- Preprint
(3231 KB) - Metadata XML
- BibTeX
- EndNote
- Final revised paper
Journal article(s) based on this preprint
Interactive discussion
Status: closed
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RC1: 'Review comment on egusphere-2023-2267', Anonymous Referee #1, 16 Nov 2023
Remarks to the Author
The authors present an application of regional frequency analysis to estimate extreme sea level exceedance probabilities along the global coastline from tide gauge data and GTSM-ERA5 hindcast. The paper is well-written and well-structured and addresses the relevant issue of estimating extreme water levels at a global level. The regional frequency analysis is a useful approach when dealing with areas where data from local tide gauges is absent or insufficient, that was previously applied to different regions and with this paper to the entire world. The specific objectives of the study are outlined in the Introduction and properly referred to in the manuscript. The methodology is organized in a fluent way although some passages need to be better explained and justified. The validation with Cyclone Yasi is very specific, there is no explanation of how it was chosen nor is there any discussion of the possibility that it was a specific case. The Discussion requires some revision as the limitations of the methodology were not fully explored. Assumptions and simplifications must be done in a global assessment, especially when dealing with global coarse databases. However, the implications and possible errors introduced in the result need to be addressed and discussed.
In the supplementary PDF file, specific and technical comments are reported.
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AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Thomas Collings, 28 Feb 2024
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for the comments. We are very grateful to both reviewers for their constructive feedback. We have attached a supplement PDF which describes how we have addressed each one. We believe these changes have greatly strengthened the paper.
Regards,
The authors
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AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Thomas Collings, 28 Feb 2024
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RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2267', Anonymous Referee #2, 18 Dec 2023
Comments in Supplement "egusphere-2023-2267-supplement.pdf"
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AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Thomas Collings, 28 Feb 2024
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for the comments. We are very grateful to both reviewers for their constructive feedback. We have attached a supplement PDF which describes how we have addressed each one. We believe these changes have greatly strengthened the paper.
Regards,
The authors
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AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Thomas Collings, 28 Feb 2024
Interactive discussion
Status: closed
-
RC1: 'Review comment on egusphere-2023-2267', Anonymous Referee #1, 16 Nov 2023
Remarks to the Author
The authors present an application of regional frequency analysis to estimate extreme sea level exceedance probabilities along the global coastline from tide gauge data and GTSM-ERA5 hindcast. The paper is well-written and well-structured and addresses the relevant issue of estimating extreme water levels at a global level. The regional frequency analysis is a useful approach when dealing with areas where data from local tide gauges is absent or insufficient, that was previously applied to different regions and with this paper to the entire world. The specific objectives of the study are outlined in the Introduction and properly referred to in the manuscript. The methodology is organized in a fluent way although some passages need to be better explained and justified. The validation with Cyclone Yasi is very specific, there is no explanation of how it was chosen nor is there any discussion of the possibility that it was a specific case. The Discussion requires some revision as the limitations of the methodology were not fully explored. Assumptions and simplifications must be done in a global assessment, especially when dealing with global coarse databases. However, the implications and possible errors introduced in the result need to be addressed and discussed.
In the supplementary PDF file, specific and technical comments are reported.
-
AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Thomas Collings, 28 Feb 2024
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for the comments. We are very grateful to both reviewers for their constructive feedback. We have attached a supplement PDF which describes how we have addressed each one. We believe these changes have greatly strengthened the paper.
Regards,
The authors
-
AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Thomas Collings, 28 Feb 2024
-
RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2267', Anonymous Referee #2, 18 Dec 2023
Comments in Supplement "egusphere-2023-2267-supplement.pdf"
-
AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Thomas Collings, 28 Feb 2024
Dear Reviewer,
Thank you for the comments. We are very grateful to both reviewers for their constructive feedback. We have attached a supplement PDF which describes how we have addressed each one. We believe these changes have greatly strengthened the paper.
Regards,
The authors
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AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Thomas Collings, 28 Feb 2024
Peer review completion
Journal article(s) based on this preprint
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Thomas P. Collings
Niall D. Quinn
Ivan D. Haigh
Joshua Green
Izzy Probyn
Hamish Wilkinson
Sanne Muis
William V. Sweet
Paul D. Bates
The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.
- Preprint
(3231 KB) - Metadata XML