Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1943
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1943
19 Sep 2023
 | 19 Sep 2023

HSRL-2 Retrievals of Ocean Surface Wind Speeds

Sanja Dmitrovic, Johnathan W. Hair, Brian L. Collister, Ewan Crosbie, Marta A. Fenn, Richard A. Ferrare, David B. Harper, Chris A. Hostetler, Yongxiang Hu, John A. Reagan, Claire E. Robinson, Shane T. Seaman, Taylor J. Shingler, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Holger Vömel, Xubin Zeng, and Armin Sorooshian

Abstract. This study introduces and evaluates ocean surface wind speed retrieval capabilities of the High Spectral Resolution Lidar – generation 2 (HSRL-2) instrument through comparison with wind speed data collected by National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Airborne Vertical Atmospheric Profiling System (AVAPS) dropsondes. Wind speed is derived from HSRL-2 measurements of the transmitted laser’s specular reflection off the ocean surface. The magnitude of the surface reflectivity is determined by the surface’s wave-slope variance, which is driven by surface winds. The assessment relies on the multi-year airborne data set collected as part of NASA’s Aerosol Cloud meTeorology Interactions oVer the western ATlantic Experiment (ACTIVATE) campaign, where HSRL-2 retrievals and AVAPS dropsonde measurements of surface wind speeds were horizontally synchronized owing to their joint deployment on one of two aircraft used during the mission. A total of 577 collocated HSRL-2 - dropsonde surface wind speed data points over the northwest Atlantic Ocean are used for this study. Treating the dropsonde wind speeds as truth, it is found that, through two established wind speed – wave-slope parameterizations, the HSRL-2 wind speed retrievals have small errors (0.15 m s−1 ± 1.80 m s−1 and 0.62 m s−1 ± 1.70 m s−1) and high correlation coefficients (0.89 and 0.88) with dropsonde wind speed measurements. Also, HSRL-2 wind speed error is higher in winter than in summer due at least partly to the higher frequency of low wind speeds and reduced cloud fraction in summer. Two research flights from 28 August 2020 and 1 March 2020 serve as detailed case studies to show the success of the collocation method based on ACTIVATE’s spatial-coordination strategy and how HSRL-2 wind speed retrievals can enhance science-oriented studies such as those related to cloud evolution and general air-sea interaction. Another case flight examined from 11 January 2022 demonstrates the challenge of conducting HSRL-2 wind speed retrievals in high cloud fraction conditions. Overall, this study highlights the airborne HSRL-2’s ability to retrieve surface wind speeds with accuracy as well as the potential of using dropsondes to validate aircraft instrument data sets within a field campaign.

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Journal article(s) based on this preprint

10 Jun 2024
High Spectral Resolution Lidar – generation 2 (HSRL-2) retrievals of ocean surface wind speed: methodology and evaluation
Sanja Dmitrovic, Johnathan W. Hair, Brian L. Collister, Ewan Crosbie, Marta A. Fenn, Richard A. Ferrare, David B. Harper, Chris A. Hostetler, Yongxiang Hu, John A. Reagan, Claire E. Robinson, Shane T. Seaman, Taylor J. Shingler, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Holger Vömel, Xubin Zeng, and Armin Sorooshian
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 3515–3532, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3515-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3515-2024, 2024
Short summary
Sanja Dmitrovic, Johnathan W. Hair, Brian L. Collister, Ewan Crosbie, Marta A. Fenn, Richard A. Ferrare, David B. Harper, Chris A. Hostetler, Yongxiang Hu, John A. Reagan, Claire E. Robinson, Shane T. Seaman, Taylor J. Shingler, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Holger Vömel, Xubin Zeng, and Armin Sorooshian

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-1943', Lev Labzovskii, 26 Sep 2023
    • AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Sanja Dmitrovic, 11 Feb 2024
    • AC3: 'Reply on RC1 - Updated', Sanja Dmitrovic, 11 Feb 2024
  • RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-1943', Anonymous Referee #2, 18 Nov 2023
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Sanja Dmitrovic, 11 Feb 2024
    • AC4: 'Reply on RC2 - Updated', Sanja Dmitrovic, 11 Feb 2024

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-1943', Lev Labzovskii, 26 Sep 2023
    • AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Sanja Dmitrovic, 11 Feb 2024
    • AC3: 'Reply on RC1 - Updated', Sanja Dmitrovic, 11 Feb 2024
  • RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-1943', Anonymous Referee #2, 18 Nov 2023
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Sanja Dmitrovic, 11 Feb 2024
    • AC4: 'Reply on RC2 - Updated', Sanja Dmitrovic, 11 Feb 2024

Peer review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision | EF: Editorial file upload
AR by Sanja Dmitrovic on behalf of the Authors (11 Feb 2024)  Author's response   Author's tracked changes   Manuscript 
ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (13 Feb 2024) by Ad Stoffelen
RR by Lev Labzovskii (14 Feb 2024)
ED: Publish subject to minor revisions (review by editor) (28 Mar 2024) by Ad Stoffelen
AR by Sanja Dmitrovic on behalf of the Authors (04 Apr 2024)  Author's response   Author's tracked changes   Manuscript 
ED: Publish subject to technical corrections (15 Apr 2024) by Ad Stoffelen
AR by Sanja Dmitrovic on behalf of the Authors (16 Apr 2024)  Author's response   Manuscript 

Journal article(s) based on this preprint

10 Jun 2024
High Spectral Resolution Lidar – generation 2 (HSRL-2) retrievals of ocean surface wind speed: methodology and evaluation
Sanja Dmitrovic, Johnathan W. Hair, Brian L. Collister, Ewan Crosbie, Marta A. Fenn, Richard A. Ferrare, David B. Harper, Chris A. Hostetler, Yongxiang Hu, John A. Reagan, Claire E. Robinson, Shane T. Seaman, Taylor J. Shingler, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Holger Vömel, Xubin Zeng, and Armin Sorooshian
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 17, 3515–3532, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3515-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-3515-2024, 2024
Short summary
Sanja Dmitrovic, Johnathan W. Hair, Brian L. Collister, Ewan Crosbie, Marta A. Fenn, Richard A. Ferrare, David B. Harper, Chris A. Hostetler, Yongxiang Hu, John A. Reagan, Claire E. Robinson, Shane T. Seaman, Taylor J. Shingler, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Holger Vömel, Xubin Zeng, and Armin Sorooshian
Sanja Dmitrovic, Johnathan W. Hair, Brian L. Collister, Ewan Crosbie, Marta A. Fenn, Richard A. Ferrare, David B. Harper, Chris A. Hostetler, Yongxiang Hu, John A. Reagan, Claire E. Robinson, Shane T. Seaman, Taylor J. Shingler, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Holger Vömel, Xubin Zeng, and Armin Sorooshian

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Short summary
This study introduces and evaluates a new ocean surface wind speed product from NASA Langley Research Center’s (LARC’s) airborne High Spectral Resolution Lidar – generation 2 (HSRL-2) using NASA ACTIVATE field data. We show that HSRL-2 wind speed retrievals have small errors when compared to wind speeds directly measured by NCAR AVAPS dropsondes. This novel retrieval method provides a way to obtain accurate, high resolution wind speed data in airborne field campaigns.