Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-388
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-388
20 Jun 2022
 | 20 Jun 2022

Bedfast and Floating Ice Dynamics of Thermokarst Lakes Using a Temporal Deep Learning Mapping Approach: Case Study of the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada

Maria Shaposhnikova, Claude R. Duguay, and Pascale Roy-Léveillée

Abstract. In light of the recent climate warming, monitoring of lake ice in Arctic and sub-Arctic regions is becoming increasingly important. Many shallow arctic lakes and ponds of thermokarst origin freeze to bed in the winter months, maintaining the underlying permafrost in its frozen state. However, as air temperatures rise and precipitation increases, less lakes are expected to develop bedfast ice. In this work, we propose a novel temporal deep learning approach to lake ice regime mapping from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and employ it to study lake ice dynamics in the Old Crow Flats (OCF), Yukon, Canada over the 1993 to 2021 period. We utilized a combination of Sentinel-1, ERS-1 and 2, and RADARSAT-1 to create an extensive annotated dataset of SAR time-series labeled as either bedfast ice, floating ice, or land, used to train a temporal convolutional neural network (TempCNN). The trained TempCNN, in turn, allowed to automatically map lake ice regimes. The classified maps aligned well with the available field measurements and ice thickness simulations obtained with a thermodynamic lake ice model. Reaching a mean overall classification accuracy of 95 %, the TempCNN was determined to be suitable for automated lake ice regime classification. The fraction of bedfast ice in the OCF increased by 11 % over the 29-year period of analysis. Findings suggest that the OCF lake ice dynamics is dominated by lake drainage events, brought on by thermokarst processes accelerated by climate warming, as well as fluctuations in water level and winter snowfall. Catastrophic drainage, and lowered water levels cause surface water area and lake depth to decrease and lake ice to often transition from floating to bedfast ice, while a reduction in snowfall allows for the growth of thicker ice.

Journal article(s) based on this preprint

19 Apr 2023
Bedfast and floating-ice dynamics of thermokarst lakes using a temporal deep-learning mapping approach: case study of the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada
Maria Shaposhnikova, Claude Duguay, and Pascale Roy-Léveillée
The Cryosphere, 17, 1697–1721, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1697-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1697-2023, 2023
Short summary

Maria Shaposhnikova et al.

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2022-388', Anonymous Referee #1, 15 Aug 2022
    • AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Maria Shaposhnikova, 18 Oct 2022
  • RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2022-388', Anonymous Referee #2, 07 Sep 2022
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Maria Shaposhnikova, 18 Oct 2022
  • RC3: 'Comment on egusphere-2022-388', Anonymous Referee #3, 13 Sep 2022
    • AC3: 'Reply on RC3', Maria Shaposhnikova, 18 Oct 2022

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2022-388', Anonymous Referee #1, 15 Aug 2022
    • AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Maria Shaposhnikova, 18 Oct 2022
  • RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2022-388', Anonymous Referee #2, 07 Sep 2022
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Maria Shaposhnikova, 18 Oct 2022
  • RC3: 'Comment on egusphere-2022-388', Anonymous Referee #3, 13 Sep 2022
    • AC3: 'Reply on RC3', Maria Shaposhnikova, 18 Oct 2022

Peer review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision | EF: Editorial file upload
ED: Publish subject to revisions (further review by editor and referees) (19 Oct 2022) by Bin Cheng
AR by Maria Shaposhnikova on behalf of the Authors (30 Nov 2022)  Author's response   Author's tracked changes   Manuscript 
ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (03 Dec 2022) by Bin Cheng
RR by Anonymous Referee #3 (14 Dec 2022)
RR by Anonymous Referee #1 (18 Dec 2022)
ED: Publish subject to revisions (further review by editor and referees) (01 Jan 2023) by Bin Cheng
AR by Maria Shaposhnikova on behalf of the Authors (11 Feb 2023)  Author's response   Author's tracked changes   Manuscript 
ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (23 Feb 2023) by Bin Cheng
RR by Anonymous Referee #3 (03 Mar 2023)
RR by Anonymous Referee #1 (06 Mar 2023)
ED: Publish subject to technical corrections (10 Mar 2023) by Bin Cheng
AR by Maria Shaposhnikova on behalf of the Authors (18 Mar 2023)  Author's response   Manuscript 

Journal article(s) based on this preprint

19 Apr 2023
Bedfast and floating-ice dynamics of thermokarst lakes using a temporal deep-learning mapping approach: case study of the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada
Maria Shaposhnikova, Claude Duguay, and Pascale Roy-Léveillée
The Cryosphere, 17, 1697–1721, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1697-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-1697-2023, 2023
Short summary

Maria Shaposhnikova et al.

Maria Shaposhnikova et al.

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Short summary
This paper explores lake ice in the Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada using a novel approach that employs radar imagery and deep learning. Results indicate an 11 % increase in fraction of lake ice that grounds between 1993 and 2021. We believe this to be caused by widespread lake drainage, and fluctuations in water level and snow depth. This transition is likely to have implications for permafrost beneath the lakes, with potential impact on methane ebullition and the regional carbon budget.