MSR v1.0: A High-Resolution Ocean Parameterization Approach via Multiphysics Super-Resolution

Abstract. High-resolution reconstruction of ocean dynamics is challenging because spectral bias and the neglect of cross-variable couplings in existing super-resolution (SR) methods often lead to over-smoothed, physically inconsistent outputs, limiting their utility for eddy parameterizations. To overcome these limitations, we present a Multiphysics Super-Resolution version 1.0 (MSR v1.0) framework that jointly reconstructs eight closure-relevant diagnostics—vorticity, deformation measures, stress tensor components, and subgrid momentum forcing terms—directly from low-resolution (LR) velocity fields, consistency is maintained under a filtering scale that aligns with the definition of subgrid tendencies. Our approach integrates three key components: (1) a Dynamic Enhancement Feature (DEF) module to prioritize dynamically active regions; (2) a High-Frequency Enhancement (HFE) module that fuses spatial and spectral operators via learned gating to restore suppressed fine-scale structures such as fronts and eddy rims; and (3) a Physical Consistency Loss that aligns derivative-level structures and algebraic couplings across diagnostics. Experiments on an eddy-resolving simulation dataset across multiple ocean basins and downscaling factors show that MSR consistently outperforms strong SR baselines, yielding sharper reconstructions with improved high-wavenumber spectra and cross-variable consistency. The MSR-reconstructed diagnostics are closure-ready for low-resolution ocean models and can inform or constrain eddy parameterizations, providing a practical, spectrally selective, scale-aware surrogate for high-fidelity multiphysics diagnostics.