Two-Phase Thermal Simulation of Matrix Acidization Using the Non-Isothermal Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer Model

Abstract. This study presents a comprehensive two-phase thermal model for simulating matrix acidization in porous media using the non-isothermal Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer framework. The model integrates multiphase flow, reactive transport, dynamic porosity evolution, and heat transfer, with temperature-dependent reaction kinetics incorporated through an Arrhenius-type formulation. A series of numerical experiments are conducted to investigate the effects of initial matrix temperature, injected acid temperature, and injection velocity on dissolution behavior and wormhole formation. Results show that the initial matrix temperature has minimal influence due to rapid thermal equilibrium, while high acid temperature significantly enhances reaction rates and promote localized wormhole growth. Verification experiments confirm that increasing acid temperature produces effects similar to decreasing injection velocity, as both shift the dissolution pattern from uniform to ramified and wormhole-dominated regimes. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing acidizing treatments by balancing thermal and hydrodynamic conditions to improve stimulation efficiency.