Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2801
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-2801
08 Jul 2025
 | 08 Jul 2025
Status: this preprint is open for discussion and under review for Biogeosciences (BG).

Temporary waterlogging alters CO2 flux dynamics but not cumulative emissions in cultivated mineral soils

Reija Kronberg, Sanna Kanerva, Markku Koskinen, Tatu Polvinen, Tuomas Mattila, and Mari Pihlatie

Abstract. Increasingly variable rainfall patterns expose soils to more frequent waterlogging in humid climates. Yet, the effects of waterlogging on soil organic matter decomposition in mineral soils remain uncertain. We studied the impact of off-season waterlogging on carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production, and dissolved carbon dynamics in controlled greenhouse conditions using 32 soil profiles (h=63 cm, d=15.2 cm) sampled from two agricultural fields (silty clay, sandy loam) in southern Finland. During the 1.5-year study comprising three growth cycles, spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) was grown during the growing seasons. During the off-seasons, half of the monoliths were subjected to waterlogging episodes of seven weeks, while in the control monoliths soil moisture was maintained below field capacity. Additionally, overwintering cover crop (Festuca arundinacea) was grown in half of the monoliths. Soil temperature and moisture were continuously monitored, dissolved organic (DOC) and inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations in pore water were analyzed at three depths, and CO2 and CH4 fluxes were measured at the surface. Temporary waterlogging did not induce CH4 production in either soil. Contrary to our hypothesis, waterlogging did not increase soil DOC content. Instead, on-going microbial/rhizospheric activity promoted an increase in DIC content while CO2 fluxes declined, indicating an accumulation of respired CO2 in soil pore water. This sustained CO2 production could not be explained solely by mobilization of Fe-associated C, as initially hypothesized. After the initiation of drainage, CO2 fluxes from both soils and plant treatments increased more than predicted based on changes in soil moisture and temperature, likely due to the release of previously accumulated CO2. These post-waterlogging increases in CO2 fluxes roughly equaled the earlier decreases during waterlogging. Thus, although off-season waterlogging strongly influenced the temporal dynamics of CO2 fluxes, it did not alter total cumulative CO2 emissions from the studied agricultural soils.

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Reija Kronberg, Sanna Kanerva, Markku Koskinen, Tatu Polvinen, Tuomas Mattila, and Mari Pihlatie

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Reija Kronberg, Sanna Kanerva, Markku Koskinen, Tatu Polvinen, Tuomas Mattila, and Mari Pihlatie

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Supporting data: Temporary waterlogging alters CO2 flux dynamics but not cumulative emissions in cultivated mineral soils Reija Kronberg, Markku Koskinen, Tatu Polvinen https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14438980

Reija Kronberg, Sanna Kanerva, Markku Koskinen, Tatu Polvinen, Tuomas Mattila, and Mari Pihlatie

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Short summary
We studied how off-season waterlogging affects CO2 and CH4 fluxes, and dissolved carbon dynamics in two cultivated boreal mineral soils. The study was conducted with intact soil profiles in a greenhouse. Waterlogging reduced immediate CO2 efflux, but CO2 accumulated in porewater and was released to the atmosphere upon soil drying. Cumulative emissions remained unaltered. Our results suggest that temporary waterlogging does not suppress CO2 production as much as conventionally assumed.
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