First results from the equatorial geomagnetic station at Entoto Observatory and Research Center

Abstract. This paper presents the initial results from the newly deployed Entoto Magnetometer Station near Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, a collaborative project involving the South African National Space Agency (SANSA), the Space Science and Geospatial Institute (SSGI) in Ethiopia, and the German Centre for Geosciences (GFZ). The station, equipped with a LEMI-025 fluxgate magnetometer and a GSM-90 Overhauser sensor, aims to monitor geomagnetic field variations and enhance space weather research in the African sector. This deployment is a significant step in SANSA’s efforts to establish a comprehensive geomagnetic network across Africa, contributing to global space weather models. This is of particular importance, as the ENTOTO station is, to our knowledge, the only currently operational magnetic observatory near the dip equator in the African region, positioning the ENTOTO Observatory and Research Center at SSGI as a key contributor to regional and global geomagnetic research. Early observations show a good characterization of geomagnetic disturbances, with observed field changes aligning closely with the Dst index variations, which has important implications for space weather forecasting. The station also generates local K-index data for this region, providing valuable insights into ionospheric variability and its effects on technological systems. This paper details the station’s setup, data processing methodologies, and initial scientific results, laying the foundation for future research and collaboration in this critical area of space science.