the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Impacts of elevated anthropogenic emissions on physicochemical characteristics of BC-containing particles over the Tibetan Plateau
Abstract. Black carbon (BC) in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) region has distinct climate effect, which strongly depends on its mixing state. The aging processes of BC in TP are subject to emissions from various regions, resulting in considerable variability of its mixing state and physicochemical properties. However, the mechanism and magnitude of this effect are not yet clear. In this study, filed observations on physicochemical properties of BC-containing particles (PMBC) were conducted in the northeast (Xihai) and southeast (Lulang) regions of the TP to investigate the impacts of transported emissions from lower-altitude areas on BC characteristics in the TP. Large spatial discrepancies were found in the chemical composition of PMBC. Both sites showed higher concentrations of PMBC when they were affected by transported airmasses outside the TP, but with diverse chemical composition. Source apportionment for organic aerosol (OA) suggested that primary OA in the northeastern TP was attributed to hydrocarbon OA (HOA) from anthropogenic emissions, while it was dominated by biomass burning OA (BBOA) in the southeastern TP. Regarding secondary aerosol, a marked enhancement in nitrate fraction was observed on aged BC coating in Xihai when the airmasses were brought by updrafts and easterly winds from lower-altitude areas. With the development of boundary layer, the enhanced turbulent mixing promoted the elevation of anthropogenic pollutants. In contrast to Xihai, the thickly coated BC in Lulang was mainly caused by self-elevated biomass burning plume from the South Asia, showing a large contribution of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). The distinct transported emissions lead to substantial variations of both chemical composition and light absorption ability of BC across the TP. The thicker coating and higher mass absorption cross-section (MAC) of PMBC in airmasses elevated from lower-altitude regions reveals the promoted BC aging processes and their impacts on the mixing state and light absorption of BC in TP. These findings emphasize the vulnerability of plateau regions to influences of elevated emissions, leading to significant changes in BC concentration, mixing states and light absorption across the TP, which needs to be considered in the evaluation of BC radiative effects for the TP region.
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Status: open (until 20 May 2024)
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RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-879', Anonymous Referee #3, 24 Apr 2024
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The manuscript by Wang et al. provides a comprehensive analysis of the physicochemical properties of black carbon (BC)-containing particles over the Tibetan Plateau, with an emphasis on the impacts of anthropogenic emissions. The authors conduct detailed field observations, which contribute valuable data to this field of study. Their findings represent a noteworthy advancement in elucidating the impact of anthropogenic emissions on the properties of BC, especially within the environmentally sensitive Tibetan Plateau region. See my detailed comments below.
Major Comments:
- Addressing Seasonality and Expanding Temporal Scope: The manuscript effectively outlines how regional transport influences the BC characteristics over the plateau. This is particularly evident in the comparison between the northeast and southeast regions. Yet, the study seems to focus predominantly on the spring season (Table 1). It would be valuable if the authors could discuss the potential seasonality of these findings or provide reasons for the focus on this particular season, including how the results might vary in other seasons.
- Lack of Detailed Model Evaluation:The manuscript utilizes the WRF-Chem model to simulate the atmospheric processes and black carbon (BC) characteristics over the Tibetan Plateau. However, there seems to be a lack of detailed evaluation or validation of the model simulations against observational data. Without proper validation, the reliability of the model results and the subsequent conclusions drawn from them may be questionable.
Minor Comments:
- Line 155: According to my understanding, the study by Cui et al. (2022) only provides BC concentrations in urban areas of Shanghai, and does not directly provide the number 25%. Please directly provide the BC concentrations mentioned in Cui et al. (2022)'s study and explain how the calculation for obtaining 25% is done. In addition, although EC is sometimes used as a substitute for BC in some cases due to the lack of BC observations, it should not be said that they are equivalent
- Line 158: The sentence suggests that the intermediate position of the concentration within the TP region may be due to anthropogenic emissions in the surrounding area. However, it does not explain why it is not in a high concentration position.
- Line 175: Is this difference statistically significant? Are there any indicators for testing the significance of differences that can be reported?
- Line 192: The sentence could be improved by providing citations to support the claim that C2H3O+ is a typical biomass burning (BB) tracer.
- Line 222: 17.3% cannot be reflected in Fig. 5b, but only in Fig. 5a, and there is no particular reason to switch from two decimal places to one decimal place in the figure.
- Line 240: The statement "The abundant NO3- was closely associated with anthropogenic sources" is mentioned here, but it should be referenced in line 222 to support the conclusion that "indicating that anthropogenic..."
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-879-RC1
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