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https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2828
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2828
20 Sep 2024
 | 20 Sep 2024

Revisiting the Sunspot Number as EUV proxy for ionospheric F2 critical frequency

Bruno S. Zossi, Franco D. Medina, Trinidad Duran, Blas F. de Haro Barbas, and Ana G. Elias

Abstract. This study reconsiders the Sunspot Number (Sn) as a solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) proxy for modeling the ionospheric F2 layer's critical frequency (foF2) over the period 1960–2023. We compare the performance of Sn with F10.7 and F30 solar radio fluxes, focusing on their ability to model the Global Ionospheric index (IG). Our results reveal that while F30 has shown a better correlation in recent solar cycles, the Sn is the most stable and reliable over the entire dataset, obtaining the highest correlation. In addition, if we remove the saturation effects from the considering a maximum value of Sn, the correlation increases, outperforming all other proxies, and predicting correctly the long-term trend estimated by general circulation models.

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Journal article(s) based on this preprint

22 Jan 2025
Revisiting sunspot number as an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) proxy for ionospheric F2 critical frequency
Bruno S. Zossi, Franco D. Medina, Trinidad Duran, Blas F. de Haro Barbas, and Ana G. Elias
Ann. Geophys., 43, 91–98, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-91-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-43-91-2025, 2025
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The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.

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This study explores how the solar Sunspot Number (Sn) compares with other solar indicators like...
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