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Preprints
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2322
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-2322
15 Aug 2024
 | 15 Aug 2024

Dynamics of salt intrusion in complex estuarine networks; an idealised model applied to the Rhine-Meuse Delta

Bouke Biemond, Wouter Kranenburg, Ymkje Huismans, Huib E. de Swart, and Henk A. Dijkstra

Abstract. Many deltas in the world consist of a network of connected channels. We identify and quantify characteristics of salt intrusion in such systems with use of an idealised model. The Rhine-Meuse Delta is selected as a prototype example of a complex network with many channels. The model is able to capture the characteristics of the tide-dominated water level variations due to the main tidal component and the salinity time series for one year of observations. Quantification of tidally averaged salt transport components shows that transport related to exchange flow is dominant in the seaward, deep parts of the network, but tidal dispersion is dominant in shallower channels further inland. Close to the network junctions, a tidally averaged downgradient salt transport is generated by the tidal currents, which is explained from the phase differences between the tidal currents in the different channels. Salt overspill is confined to the most seaward part of the Rhine-Meuse Delta. The magnitudes of the response times of different channels to changes in discharge increases with distance to the estuary mouth, and with decreasing net water transport through the channel. In channels without a subtidal discharge, response times are a factor 2–4 larger than in the other channels. The effect of changes to the depth on the extent of salt intrusion strongly depends on where the change takes place. If the change is within the salt intrusion range, deepening will locally increase salt intrusion due to an increase in salt transport by the exchange flow. If the change is outside the salt intrusion range, changes to the net water transport dominate the response of the salt intrusion.

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Journal article(s) based on this preprint

29 Jan 2025
Dynamics of salt intrusion in complex estuarine networks: an idealised model applied to the Rhine–Meuse Delta
Bouke Biemond, Wouter M. Kranenburg, Ymkje Huismans, Huib E. de Swart, and Henk A. Dijkstra
Ocean Sci., 21, 261–281, https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-261-2025,https://doi.org/10.5194/os-21-261-2025, 2025
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The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.

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We study salinity in estuaries which consist of a network of channels. To this end, we develop a...
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