Analysis of Borehole Strain Anomalies Before the 2017 Jiuzhaigou Ms7.0 Earthquake Based on Graph Neural Network

Abstract. On August 8, 2017, a strong magnitude 7.0 earthquake occurred in Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan Province, China. To assess pre-earthquake anomalies, we utilized variational mode decomposition to preprocess borehole strain observation data and combined it with a graph wavenet graph neural network model to process data from multiple stations. We obtained one-year data from four stations near the epicenter as the training dataset and data from January 1 to August 10, 2017, as the test dataset. For the prediction results of the variational mode decomposition-graph wavenet model, the anomalous days were extracted using statistical methods, and the results of anomalous day accumulation at multiple stations showed that an increase in the number of anomalous days occurred 15–32 days before the earthquake. The acceleration effect of anomalous accumulation was most obvious in the 20-day period before the earthquake, and an increase in the number of anomalous days also occurred in the one to three days post-earthquake. We tentatively deduce that the pre-earthquake anomalies are caused by the diffusion of strain energy near the epicenter during the accumulation process, which can be used as a signal of pro-seismic anomalies, whereas the post-earthquake anomalies are caused by the frequent occurrence of aftershocks.