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https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1758
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1758
20 Jun 2024
 | 20 Jun 2024

Evaluating state-of-the-art process-based and data-driven models in simulating CO2 fluxes and their relationship with climate in western European temperate forests

Gaïa Michel, Julien Crétat, Olivier Mathieu, Mathieu Thévenot, Andrey Dara, Robert Granat, Zhendong Wu, Clément Bonnefoy-Claudet, Julianne Capelle, Jean Cacot, and John S. Kimball

Abstract. This study evaluates two process-based (LPJ-GUESS and SMAP-L4C) and two data-driven (CarbonSpace and FLUXCOM) models to capture the temporal variability of CO2 flux exchanges (GPP, RECO and NEE) of evergreen needleleaf and deciduous broadleaf forests (ENFs and DBFs) in temperate western Europe and its relationship with climate. Three sites from the FLUXNET network are considered together with two non-instrumented sites located in Burgundy (North-East France). The focus is put on the representation of the annual cycle, annual budget, interannual variability and “long-term” trend. The data-driven models are the best models for representing the mean annual cycle and mean annual budget in COfluxes despite magnitude uncertainties. In particular, the models accounting for plant functional types in their outputs tend to simulate more marked annual cycle and lower annual CO2 sequestration for DBFs than ENFs in Burgundy. At the interannual timescale, the CO2 flux – climate relationshipis stronger for GPP and RECO than NEE, with increased CO2 fluxes when 2 m temperature, vapor pressure deficit and evapotranspiration increase and when precipitation and soil moisture decrease. The models forced by dynamic climate conditions clearly outperform those driven by static climate conditions. The “long-term” trend is not obvious for NEE neither in the observations nor in the simulations, partly because both GPP and RECO tend to increase in western Europe. Our results suggest that the spatial resolution of the climate drivers is likely very important for capturing spatial and temporal patterns in CO2 exchanges and point towards the need to choose the appropriate model and spatial resolution according to the scientific question to deal with.

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Gaïa Michel, Julien Crétat, Olivier Mathieu, Mathieu Thévenot, Andrey Dara, Robert Granat, Zhendong Wu, Clément Bonnefoy-Claudet, Julianne Capelle, Jean Cacot, and John S. Kimball

Status: final response (author comments only)

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • CC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-1758', S E Quick, 21 Jun 2024
    • AC4: 'Reply on CC1', Julien Crétat, 26 Sep 2024
  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-1758', Anonymous Referee #1, 15 Jul 2024
    • AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Julien Crétat, 26 Sep 2024
  • RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-1758', Anonymous Referee #2, 05 Sep 2024
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Julien Crétat, 26 Sep 2024
    • AC3: 'Reply on RC2', Julien Crétat, 26 Sep 2024
Gaïa Michel, Julien Crétat, Olivier Mathieu, Mathieu Thévenot, Andrey Dara, Robert Granat, Zhendong Wu, Clément Bonnefoy-Claudet, Julianne Capelle, Jean Cacot, and John S. Kimball
Gaïa Michel, Julien Crétat, Olivier Mathieu, Mathieu Thévenot, Andrey Dara, Robert Granat, Zhendong Wu, Clément Bonnefoy-Claudet, Julianne Capelle, Jean Cacot, and John S. Kimball

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Short summary
This study questions the usefulness of state-ot-the-art models to characterize the temporal variability of atmosphere-ecosystem CO2 exchanges in western European forests. Their mean annual cycle and annual budget are better captured by statistical than physical models, while their interannual variability and long-term trend are better captured by models forced by climate variability. Accounting for both forest stands and climate variability is thus key for properly assessing CO2 fluxes.