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https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1001
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1001
03 Jun 2024
 | 03 Jun 2024

Extended seasonal prediction of Antarctic sea ice using ANTSIC-UNet

Ziying Yang, Jiping Liu, Mirong Song, Yongyun Hu, Qinghua Yang, and Ke Fan

Abstract. Antarctic sea ice has experienced rapid change in recent years, which garners increasing attention for its prediction. In this study, we develop a deep learning model (named ANTSIC-UNet) trained by physically enriched climate variables and evaluate its skill for extended seasonal prediction of Antarctic sea ice concentration (up to 6 months in advance). We compare the predictive skill of ANTSIC-UNet in the Pan- and regional Antarctic with two benchmark models (linear trend and anomaly persistence models). In terms of root-mean-square error (RMSE) for sea ice concentration and integrated ice-edge error (IIEE), ANTSIC-UNet shows much better skills for the extended seasonal prediction, especially for the extreme events in recent years, relative to the two benchmark models. The predictive skill of ANTSIC-Unet is season and region dependent. Low values of RMSE are found from autumn to spring in the Pan-Antarctic and all sub-regions for all lead times, but large values of RMSE are found in summer for most sub-regions which increase as lead times increase. Small values of IIEE are found in summer at 1–3 month lead, large errors occur from November to January as the lead time exceeds 2–4 months. The Pacific and Indian Oceans show better predictive skills at the sea ice edge zone in summer compared to other regions. Moreover, ANTSIC-UNet shows good predictive skill in capturing the interannual variability of Pan-Antarctic and regional sea ice extent anomalies. We also quantify variable importance through a post-hoc interpretation method. It suggests in addition to sea ice conditions, the ANTSIC-UNet prediction at short lead times shows sensitivity to sea surface temperature, radiative flux, and atmospheric circulation. At longer lead times, zonal wind in the stratosphere appears to be an important influencing factor for the prediction.

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Ziying Yang, Jiping Liu, Mirong Song, Yongyun Hu, Qinghua Yang, and Ke Fan

Status: final response (author comments only)

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-1001', Anonymous Referee #1, 12 Jul 2024
  • RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-1001', Anonymous Referee #2, 22 Jul 2024
Ziying Yang, Jiping Liu, Mirong Song, Yongyun Hu, Qinghua Yang, and Ke Fan
Ziying Yang, Jiping Liu, Mirong Song, Yongyun Hu, Qinghua Yang, and Ke Fan

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Short summary
Antarctic sea ice has changed rapidly in recent years. Here we developed a deep learning model trained by multiple climate variables for extended seasonal Antarctic sea ice prediction. Our model shows high predictive skills up to 6 months in advance, particularly in predicting extreme events. It also shows skillful predictions at the sea ice edge and year-to-year sea ice changes. Variable importance analyses suggest what variables are more important for prediction at different lead times.