Towards the resilience of Attica Region’s Provincial Road 3 in Greece, due to slope failure by applying civil engineering techniques and Rock Engineering System assessment

Abstract. Slope failures represent a major threat to human life and infrastructure in many countries all over the world and they often lead to significant and long-lasting disruptions of economic, social, and environmental systems. This paper aims to describe civil engineering approaches to applying a resilience assessment framework as well as a methodology using a model aiming to quantify slope instability. The Regional Authority of Attica in Greece effectively works for their hazard-affected communities. A particular case study, where applied resilience civil engineering frameworks as well as a semi-quantitative methodology to engage with different stakeholders, is described from Attica Region, on Provincial Road 3 (Dekelias Street segment) near the Chelidonous stream in the Municipality of Kifissia.

A supporting study was carried out in the context of the restoration of the road surface and the stability of the stream slopes. The results of the geotechnical survey and study are presented in brief and the measures proposed by the study to support the slopes are described, as well as views from the construction phase are depicted. The hazard of the existing condition of the encountered slopes adjacent to the roadway was confirmed using the Rock Engineering System (RES). The civil engineering approach and RES methodology provide targeted resilience strengthening investments and actions across all levels, that are increasingly demanded in the context of climate change adaptation and sustainable development.