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https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1367
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1367
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Preprints
20 Mar 2026
 | 20 Mar 2026
Status: this preprint is open for discussion and under review for Geoscientific Model Development (GMD).

HTAP3-OPNS: Ozone, PM, Nitrogen and Sulphur Deposition – multi-model experiments to support the revision of the CLRTAP Gothenburg Protocol

Tim Butler, Tabish Ansari, Claudio A. Belis, Elisa Bergas-Masso, Willem van Caspel, Hilde Fagerli, Johannes Flemming, Marta Garcia Vivanco, Paul Griffiths, Douglas S. Hamilton, Coralina Hernandez Trujillo, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Vincent Huijnen, Matthew Kasoar, Johannes W. Kaiser, Gerbrand Koren, Zbigniew Klimont, Florian Lindl, Aura Lupascu, Mariano Mertens, Martijn Schaap, Steven T. Turnock, Oliver Wild, Philipp Weiss, Jacek Kaminski, Rosa Wu, and Terry Keating

Abstract. HTAP3-OPNS is a multi-model exercise designed to support the revision of the Gothenburg Protocol under the UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP). Using an ensemble of Chemical Transport Models (CTMs) and Chemistry-Climate Models (CCMs), this study investigates the long-range transport and impacts of ground-level ozone, particulate matter (PM), and nitrogen and sulphur deposition across different global regions. The project aims to assess the contributions of regional versus extra-regional emission sources, evaluate the suitability of current models, and project changes in air pollution under future emission scenarios and climate conditions. A series of perturbation simulations will enable the development of an ensemble emulator to explore and evaluate potential mitigation strategies efficiently. This paper outlines the scientific and policy questions motivating the study, describes the experimental design, including input datasets, model configurations, and required outputs, and discusses methodologies for data handling and analysis. The results will provide crucial insights for policy decisions aiming to improve air quality, protect human health, and protect ecosystems worldwide.

How to cite. Butler, T., Ansari, T., Belis, C. A., Bergas-Masso, E., van Caspel, W., Fagerli, H., Flemming, J., Garcia Vivanco, M., Griffiths, P., Hamilton, D. S., Hernandez Trujillo, C., Höglund-Isaksson, L., Huijnen, V., Kasoar, M., Kaiser, J. W., Koren, G., Klimont, Z., Lindl, F., Lupascu, A., Mertens, M., Schaap, M., Turnock, S. T., Wild, O., Weiss, P., Kaminski, J., Wu, R., and Keating, T.: HTAP3-OPNS: Ozone, PM, Nitrogen and Sulphur Deposition – multi-model experiments to support the revision of the CLRTAP Gothenburg Protocol, EGUsphere [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1367, 2026.
Received: 12 Mar 2026 – Discussion started: 20 Mar 2026
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Tim Butler, Tabish Ansari, Claudio A. Belis, Elisa Bergas-Masso, Willem van Caspel, Hilde Fagerli, Johannes Flemming, Marta Garcia Vivanco, Paul Griffiths, Douglas S. Hamilton, Coralina Hernandez Trujillo, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Vincent Huijnen, Matthew Kasoar, Johannes W. Kaiser, Gerbrand Koren, Zbigniew Klimont, Florian Lindl, Aura Lupascu, Mariano Mertens, Martijn Schaap, Steven T. Turnock, Oliver Wild, Philipp Weiss, Jacek Kaminski, Rosa Wu, and Terry Keating

Status: open (until 15 May 2026)

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Tim Butler, Tabish Ansari, Claudio A. Belis, Elisa Bergas-Masso, Willem van Caspel, Hilde Fagerli, Johannes Flemming, Marta Garcia Vivanco, Paul Griffiths, Douglas S. Hamilton, Coralina Hernandez Trujillo, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Vincent Huijnen, Matthew Kasoar, Johannes W. Kaiser, Gerbrand Koren, Zbigniew Klimont, Florian Lindl, Aura Lupascu, Mariano Mertens, Martijn Schaap, Steven T. Turnock, Oliver Wild, Philipp Weiss, Jacek Kaminski, Rosa Wu, and Terry Keating

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https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2026-1367-supplement

Tim Butler, Tabish Ansari, Claudio A. Belis, Elisa Bergas-Masso, Willem van Caspel, Hilde Fagerli, Johannes Flemming, Marta Garcia Vivanco, Paul Griffiths, Douglas S. Hamilton, Coralina Hernandez Trujillo, Lena Höglund-Isaksson, Vincent Huijnen, Matthew Kasoar, Johannes W. Kaiser, Gerbrand Koren, Zbigniew Klimont, Florian Lindl, Aura Lupascu, Mariano Mertens, Martijn Schaap, Steven T. Turnock, Oliver Wild, Philipp Weiss, Jacek Kaminski, Rosa Wu, and Terry Keating
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Short summary
Air pollution travels across continents, meaning emissions in one region can affect air quality far away. To better understand this, scientists from many groups are planning to run coordinated computer simulations of the atmosphere. By comparing results across models and emission scenarios, the planned study will show how pollution moves between regions and which sources matter most, helping governments design more effective air quality policies.
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