Global Disaster Risk Assessment from Emergency Events Database (2013–2023)

Abstract. This paper defines an Accumulated Risk Index (ARI) to quantify regional risk levels in a global perspective utilizing Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) from 2013 to 2023. Building on the World Risk Index (WRI) released from World Risk Report 2023, the ARI focuses more on major events caused by multiple natural hazards within 5°×5° latitude-longitude grids, and calculates their accumulative effects during the period. ARI results are presented in two forms including normalized global maps and index rankings of each grid to identify high-risk areas that warrant increased attention. To provide a data foundation for subsequent research at smaller scales, this paper integrates and supplements existing remote sensing images within high-risk areas, publishing them as an open-source 3H Dataset partitioned by grids after standardizing their formats. The unified imagery establishes a valuable resource for deeper insights and more precise analyses in future disaster risk research of developing countries.