the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
| 24 Apr 2025
Atmospheric Implications of Ocean-Atmosphere Physicochemical Interactions
Abstract. The atmosphere is the fast component of the climate which determines the meteorology i.e. every day's whether. Ocean, on the other hand, is the slow component which regulates the climate on the long term. A detailed knowledge of the interactions between these two components is crucial in order to understand the global climate phenomena. The ocean-atmosphere interface is the largest one on our planet occupying about 70 % of the Earth's surface. Hence, the physicochemical processes occurring at the interface can largely affect the chemical content of the Ocean waters and the composition of the atmosphere.
Here, we briefly discuss the chemical composition of the sea surface microlayer (SML), emphasizing the role of surface-active compounds concentrated in the SML that influence gas exchange and modulate the production of the largest natural primary aerosols (e.g., sea spray aerosols, SSA) across the ocean-atmosphere interface. We summarize recent research focused on multiphase and heterogeneous chemical processes, including photochemical reactions within the SML, and their impact on the formation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), as well as subsequent effects on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production.
Comprehensive understanding of the ocean-atmosphere physicochemical interactions is of paramount importance in order to properly address air quality and climate issues.
Competing interests: The contact author has declared that neither of the authors has any competing interests.
Publisher's note: Copernicus Publications remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims made in the text, published maps, institutional affiliations, or any other geographical representation in this paper. While Copernicus Publications makes every effort to include appropriate place names, the final responsibility lies with the authors. Views expressed in the text are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher.-
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The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.
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Preprint
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The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.
- Preprint
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Journal article(s) based on this preprint
Interactive discussion
Status: closed
- RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2025-1472', Anonymous Referee #1, 26 May 2025
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RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2025-1472', Anonymous Referee #2, 11 Jun 2025
Wang and Gligorovski report the review paper on the physical and chemical properties of the atmospheric-ocean interfaces or specifically the multiphase and heterogeneous processes of the sea surface microlayer. The text is generally written well and hence, is publishable after addressing the following minor issues.
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This text briefly mentions the deposition of gaseous species on the ocean surface. I am wondering if there are any effects of SML on the aerosol deposition onto the ocean surface, particularly for iron-containing aerosols. It would be great if the authors provided the current understanding.
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For the section 5.1, can the authors provide a more general view about the photosensitized processes? The authors discussed several reaction systems individually, but there is a similarity in terms of processes involving the triplets.
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Lines 891: The discussion about the ionic strength effect is quite limited in the present text, although the authors present the corresponding figure (Fig.4). The authors need to elaborate. What is the direct and indirect role of ionic strength?
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Minor comments
Please define “CLAW“
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1472-RC2 -
AC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2025-1472', Yiqun Wang, 14 Jul 2025
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-1472/egusphere-2025-1472-AC1-supplement.pdf
Interactive discussion
Status: closed
-
RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2025-1472', Anonymous Referee #1, 26 May 2025
The manuscript provides a comprehensive review of the physico-chemical processes at the ocean-atmosphere interface. These processes are more important as they have an impact on atmospheric chemistry. The authors focus their article on sea surface microlayers and their impact on aerosol production. This review is particularly interesting and gives a state of the art of current research in this field. I suggest only a few minor changes before publication in ACP.
1) The authors mention some papers in which the photochemical impact was studied under not-relevant wavelength conditions. For example, in line 219... the paper cited used experiments under UVC radiation which is far from the solar irradiation spectrum.
2) Another article (line 231...) reports the effect of ozone photolysis at 254 nm and its effect on the deliquescence of sea salt particles.
if publishers wish to cite these articles, it should be specified that the results were obtained at wavelengths below the solar spectrum.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1472-RC1 -
RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2025-1472', Anonymous Referee #2, 11 Jun 2025
Wang and Gligorovski report the review paper on the physical and chemical properties of the atmospheric-ocean interfaces or specifically the multiphase and heterogeneous processes of the sea surface microlayer. The text is generally written well and hence, is publishable after addressing the following minor issues.
Â
This text briefly mentions the deposition of gaseous species on the ocean surface. I am wondering if there are any effects of SML on the aerosol deposition onto the ocean surface, particularly for iron-containing aerosols. It would be great if the authors provided the current understanding.
Â
For the section 5.1, can the authors provide a more general view about the photosensitized processes? The authors discussed several reaction systems individually, but there is a similarity in terms of processes involving the triplets.
Â
Lines 891: The discussion about the ionic strength effect is quite limited in the present text, although the authors present the corresponding figure (Fig.4). The authors need to elaborate. What is the direct and indirect role of ionic strength?
Â
Minor comments
Please define “CLAW“
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-1472-RC2 -
AC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2025-1472', Yiqun Wang, 14 Jul 2025
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-1472/egusphere-2025-1472-AC1-supplement.pdf
Peer review completion
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The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.
- Preprint
(1371 KB) - Metadata XML
The manuscript provides a comprehensive review of the physico-chemical processes at the ocean-atmosphere interface. These processes are more important as they have an impact on atmospheric chemistry. The authors focus their article on sea surface microlayers and their impact on aerosol production. This review is particularly interesting and gives a state of the art of current research in this field. I suggest only a few minor changes before publication in ACP.
1) The authors mention some papers in which the photochemical impact was studied under not-relevant wavelength conditions. For example, in line 219... the paper cited used experiments under UVC radiation which is far from the solar irradiation spectrum.
2) Another article (line 231...) reports the effect of ozone photolysis at 254 nm and its effect on the deliquescence of sea salt particles.
if publishers wish to cite these articles, it should be specified that the results were obtained at wavelengths below the solar spectrum.