Preprints
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2311.01564
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2311.01564
23 Feb 2024
 | 23 Feb 2024

InSAR-Informed In-Situ Monitoring for Deep-Seated Landslides: Insights from El Forn (Andorra)

Rachael Lau, Carolina SeguĂ­, Tyler Waterman, Nathaniel Chaney, and Manolis Veveakis

Abstract. Monitoring deep-seated landslides via borehole instrumentation can be an expensive and labor-intensive task. This work focuses on assessing the fidelity of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) as it relates to subsurface ground motion monitoring, as well as understanding uncertainty in modeling active landslide displacement for the case study of the in-situ monitored El Forn deep-seated landslide in Canillo, Andorra. We used the available Sentinel-1 data to create a velocity map from deformation time series from 2019–2021. We compared the performances of InSAR data from the recently launched European Ground Motion Service (EGMS) platform and the ASF On Demand InSAR processing tools in a time series comparison of displacement in the direction of landslide motion with in-situ borehole-based measurements from 2019–2021, suggesting that ground motion detected through InSAR can be used in tandem with field monitoring to provide optimal information with minimum in-situ deployment. While identification of active landslides may be possible via the use of the high-accuracy data processed through the EGMS platform, the intents and purposes of this work are in assessment of InSAR as a monitoring tool. Based on that, geospatial interpolation with statistical analysis was conducted to better understand the necessary number of in-situ observations needed to lower error on a remote-sensing recreation of ground motion over the entirety of a landslide, suggesting between 20–25 total observations provides the optimal normalized root mean squared error for an ordinarily-kriged model of the El Forn landslide surface.

Journal article(s) based on this preprint

25 Oct 2024
InSAR-informed in situ monitoring for deep-seated landslides: insights from El Forn (Andorra)
Rachael Lau, Carolina SeguĂ­, Tyler Waterman, Nathaniel Chaney, and Manolis Veveakis
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3651–3661, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3651-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3651-2024, 2024
Short summary
Rachael Lau, Carolina SeguĂ­, Tyler Waterman, Nathaniel Chaney, and Manolis Veveakis

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-212', Anonymous Referee #1, 25 Mar 2024
    • AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Rachael Lau, 25 Apr 2024
  • RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-212', Anonymous Referee #2, 28 Mar 2024
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Rachael Lau, 25 Apr 2024

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-212', Anonymous Referee #1, 25 Mar 2024
    • AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Rachael Lau, 25 Apr 2024
  • RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2024-212', Anonymous Referee #2, 28 Mar 2024
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Rachael Lau, 25 Apr 2024

Peer review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision | EF: Editorial file upload
ED: Reconsider after major revisions (further review by editor and referees) (26 Apr 2024) by Yves BĂĽhler
AR by Rachael Lau on behalf of the Authors (15 Jun 2024)  Author's response   Author's tracked changes   Manuscript 
ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (19 Jun 2024) by Yves BĂĽhler
RR by Anonymous Referee #1 (15 Jul 2024)
RR by Anonymous Referee #2 (17 Jul 2024)
ED: Publish subject to minor revisions (review by editor) (29 Jul 2024) by Yves BĂĽhler
AR by Rachael Lau on behalf of the Authors (08 Aug 2024)  Author's response   Author's tracked changes   Manuscript 
ED: Publish as is (09 Aug 2024) by Yves BĂĽhler
AR by Rachael Lau on behalf of the Authors (12 Aug 2024)  Author's response   Manuscript 

Journal article(s) based on this preprint

25 Oct 2024
InSAR-informed in situ monitoring for deep-seated landslides: insights from El Forn (Andorra)
Rachael Lau, Carolina SeguĂ­, Tyler Waterman, Nathaniel Chaney, and Manolis Veveakis
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3651–3661, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3651-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3651-2024, 2024
Short summary
Rachael Lau, Carolina SeguĂ­, Tyler Waterman, Nathaniel Chaney, and Manolis Veveakis
Rachael Lau, Carolina SeguĂ­, Tyler Waterman, Nathaniel Chaney, and Manolis Veveakis

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Short summary
This work examines the use of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) alongside in-situ borehole measurements to assess the stability of deep-seated landslides for the case study of El Forn (Andorra). InSAR data compared with borehole data suggests a key tradeoff between accuracy and precision for various InSAR resolutions. Spatial interpolation with InSAR informed how many remote observations are necessary to lower error on remote-sensing recreation of ground motion over the landslide.