Preprints
https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.169504548.82107207/v1
https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.169504548.82107207/v1
17 Jan 2024
 | 17 Jan 2024

Estimating Ground Motion Intensities Using Simulation-Based Estimates of Local Crustal Seismic Response

Himanshu Agrawal and John McCloskey

Abstract. It is estimated that 2 billion people will move to cities in the next 30 years, many of which possess high seismic risk, underscoring the importance of reliable hazard assessments. Current ground motion models for these assessments typically rely on an extensive catalogue of events to derive empirical Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs), which are often unavailable in developing countries. Considering the challenge, we choose an alternative method utilizing physics-based (PB) ground motion simulations and develop a simplified decomposition of ground motion estimation by considering regional attenuation (Δ) and local site amplification (Α), thereby exploring how much of the observed variability can be explained solely by wave propagation effects. We deterministically evaluate these parameters in a virtual city named Tomorrowville, located in a 3D layered crustal velocity model containing sedimentary basins, using randomly oriented extended sources. Using these physics-based empirical parameters (Δ and Α),  we evaluate the intensities, particularly Peak Ground Accelerations (PGA), of hypothetical future earthquakes. The results suggest that the estimation of PGA using the deterministic Δ – Α decomposition exhibits a robust spatial correlation with the PGA obtained from simulations within Tomorrowville. This method exposes an order of magnitude spatial variability in PGA within Tomorrowville, primarily associated with the near-surface geology and largely independent of the seismic source. In conclusion, advances in PB simulations and improved crustal structure determination offer the potential to overcome the limitations of earthquake data availability to some extent, enabling prompt evaluation of ground motion intensities.

Journal article(s) based on this preprint

14 Oct 2024
Estimating ground motion intensities using simulation-based estimates of local crustal seismic response
Himanshu Agrawal and John McCloskey
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3519–3536, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3519-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3519-2024, 2024
Short summary
Himanshu Agrawal and John McCloskey

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2895', Anonymous Referee #1, 15 Feb 2024
    • AC3: 'Reply on RC1', Himanshu Agrawal, 09 Apr 2024
  • RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2895', Anonymous Referee #2, 27 Feb 2024
    • AC1: 'Reply on RC2', Himanshu Agrawal, 09 Apr 2024
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Himanshu Agrawal, 09 Apr 2024

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

Comment types: AC – author | RC – referee | CC – community | EC – editor | CEC – chief editor | : Report abuse
  • RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2895', Anonymous Referee #1, 15 Feb 2024
    • AC3: 'Reply on RC1', Himanshu Agrawal, 09 Apr 2024
  • RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2895', Anonymous Referee #2, 27 Feb 2024
    • AC1: 'Reply on RC2', Himanshu Agrawal, 09 Apr 2024
    • AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Himanshu Agrawal, 09 Apr 2024

Peer review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision | EF: Editorial file upload
ED: Reconsider after major revisions (further review by editor and referees) (16 May 2024) by Solmaz Mohadjer
AR by Himanshu Agrawal on behalf of the Authors (17 May 2024)  Author's response 
EF by Lorena Grabowski (21 May 2024)  Manuscript   Author's tracked changes 
ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (25 Jun 2024) by Solmaz Mohadjer
RR by Anonymous Referee #1 (04 Jul 2024)
RR by Anonymous Referee #2 (30 Jul 2024)
ED: Publish as is (30 Jul 2024) by Solmaz Mohadjer
AR by Himanshu Agrawal on behalf of the Authors (09 Aug 2024)

Journal article(s) based on this preprint

14 Oct 2024
Estimating ground motion intensities using simulation-based estimates of local crustal seismic response
Himanshu Agrawal and John McCloskey
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3519–3536, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3519-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3519-2024, 2024
Short summary
Himanshu Agrawal and John McCloskey
Himanshu Agrawal and John McCloskey

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Short summary
Rapidly growing cities in earthquake-prone Global South regions lack seismic event records, hindering accurate ground motion predictions for hazard assessment. Our study shows that even with these limitations, it is possible to generate reasonable predictions of the spatial variability in expected ground motions using high-resolution local geological information and simulation-based methods. We emphasize that substantial investments in the measurement of subsurface properties can prove valuable.