the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
| 08 Dec 2023
MIXv2: a long-term mosaic emission inventory for Asia (2010–2017)
Abstract. The MIXv2 Asian emission inventory is developed under the framework of the Model Inter-Comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) Phase IV, and produced from a mosaic of up-to-date regional emission inventories. We estimated the emissions for anthropogenic and biomass burning sources covering 23 countries and regions in East, Southeast and South Asia, and aggregated emissions to a uniform spatial and temporal resolution for seven sectors: power, industry, residential, transportation, agriculture, open biomass burning and shipping. Compared to MIXv1, we extended the dataset to 2010 – 2017, included emissions of open biomass burning and shipping, and provided model-ready emissions of SAPRC99, SAPRC07, and CB05. A series of unit-based point source information was incorporated covering power plants in China and India. A consistent speciation framework for Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOCs) was applied to develop emissions by three chemical mechanisms. The total Asian emissions for anthropogenic | open biomass sectors in 2017 are estimated as follows: 41.6 | 1.1 Tg NOx, 33.2 | 0.1 Tg SO2, 258.2 | 20.6 Tg CO, 61.8 | 8.2 Tg NMVOC, 28.3 | 0.3 Tg NH3, 24.0 | 2.6 Tg PM10, 16.7 | 2.0 Tg PM2.5, 2.7 | 0.1 Tg BC, 5.3 | 0.9 Tg OC, and 18.0 | 0.4 Pg CO2. The contributions of India and Southeast Asia have been emerging in Asia during 2010–2017, especially for SO2, NH3 and particulate matters. Gridded emissions at a spatial resolution of 0.1 degree with monthly variations are now publicly available at https://csl.noaa.gov/groups/csl4/modeldata/data/Li2023/.
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Notice on discussion status
The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.
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Preprint
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Supplement
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The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.
- Preprint
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Supplement
(530 KB) - BibTeX
- EndNote
- Final revised paper
Journal article(s) based on this preprint
Interactive discussion
Status: closed
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RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2283', Anonymous Referee #1, 24 Dec 2023
The work of Li et al. developed a new emission inventory, MIXv2, for 2010-2017, following an emission mosaic approach. By incorporating the best available regional emission inventories, MIXv2 now represents the state-of-the-art long-term emissions over Asia. Seven sectors and ten chemical species are included, providing the essential emissions input for both atmospheric and climate models. Gridded emissions at a high spatial resolution (0.1 degree) are publicly available to the community. This updated inventory data are critical to improve our understanding of the sources and atmospheric chemistry over Asia. The manuscript is in general well organized, with solid analyses and nice figures. My comments are mainly technical, as listed below.
Line 47 – 49: Can you provide 1-2 sentences on how the data can contribute to the community in the abstract?
Line 126: not only regional emission inventories, but also two global inventories are used in the mosaic process. Please revise the sentence to “seven regional and two global emission inventories”. Also, please revise accordingly in Line 139.
Line 153: can you elaborate more on how to develop the gridded CO2 emissions here?
Line 161: please specify the vegetation types in detail.
Line 369 – 370: To make it easier for readers to follow, can you put a short summary for Sect. 4 here?
Line 452 – 454: how about OEA, OSA and SEA? You only mentioned China and India in this paragraph.
Line 586: Fig. S2 is for open biomass burning. Please add it to make the sentence clearer.
Line 649: The title of Figure 11 is ambiguous. Please change “Emissions (right columns)” to “2010 and 2017 emissions (right columns)”.
Line 697: do you mean different data sources of inventories? Please rephrase this sentence.
Line 724: temporal resolution to high temporal resolution, chemical speciation to detailed chemical speciation.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2283-RC1 -
AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2283/egusphere-2023-2283-AC1-supplement.pdf
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AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
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RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2283', Anonymous Referee #2, 27 Dec 2023
This article has developed the MIXv2 Asian emission inventory under the framework of the Model Inter- Comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) Phase IV, the emissions for anthropogenic and biomass burning sources covering 23 countries and regions has been estimated. It is a important database. However, the formal and the organizational structure of the paper needs to be reconsidered. It reads more like a database usage instruction. I suggest the authors can resubmit this paper after a major revision.
- Line 48-49: It may be inappropriate to place this address in the abstract.
- The introduction should be further optimized. It is more like a briefly introduction for the MIX Asian inventory in a project report.
- How to ensure the data consistency when multiple emission inventories were used?
- Line 366: The uncertainties of MIXv2 can not be evaluated, can we find a better way to solve this problem?
- Line 432-433: Power plants are the major driving factor for emissions reduction of NOx. So how about on-road transportation sources? As you mentioned the anthropogenic emissions in OSA and SEA was also mainly driven by the vehicle growth.
- Line 568-569: s. Can you explain why the small monthly variations were found in Indian and OSA?
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2283-RC2 -
AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2283/egusphere-2023-2283-AC2-supplement.pdf
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CC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2283', Gabriele Pfister, 08 Jan 2024
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2283/egusphere-2023-2283-CC1-supplement.pdf
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AC4: 'Reply on CC1', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2283/egusphere-2023-2283-AC4-supplement.pdf
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AC4: 'Reply on CC1', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
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RC3: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2283', Anonymous Referee #3, 09 Jan 2024
This paper is a welcomed update of the MIX emission inventories developed within the MICS-Asia framework. This is a great example of an inclusive and collaborative effort that brings together emission experts from various countries in Asia and combines best available country level information to produce an Asia wide consistent set of emissions. This current work extends this inventory in time from 2010 to 2017 and increases the spatial resolution (from 25 km to 10 km). These are significant advancements. This new inventory will support many modeling and analysis studies.
The previous inventory has been widely used and been a great contribution to air quality studies in Asia. However, there was a clear need to update in time the inventory to support further studies as emissions in this region continue to change rapidly over time.
The paper is well written and presents sufficient details to understand the methodologies used. It also presents useful information regarding the trends in species and sectors in various parts of Asia.
A significant contribution.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2283-RC3 -
AC3: 'Reply on RC3', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2283/egusphere-2023-2283-AC3-supplement.pdf
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AC3: 'Reply on RC3', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
Interactive discussion
Status: closed
-
RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2283', Anonymous Referee #1, 24 Dec 2023
The work of Li et al. developed a new emission inventory, MIXv2, for 2010-2017, following an emission mosaic approach. By incorporating the best available regional emission inventories, MIXv2 now represents the state-of-the-art long-term emissions over Asia. Seven sectors and ten chemical species are included, providing the essential emissions input for both atmospheric and climate models. Gridded emissions at a high spatial resolution (0.1 degree) are publicly available to the community. This updated inventory data are critical to improve our understanding of the sources and atmospheric chemistry over Asia. The manuscript is in general well organized, with solid analyses and nice figures. My comments are mainly technical, as listed below.
Line 47 – 49: Can you provide 1-2 sentences on how the data can contribute to the community in the abstract?
Line 126: not only regional emission inventories, but also two global inventories are used in the mosaic process. Please revise the sentence to “seven regional and two global emission inventories”. Also, please revise accordingly in Line 139.
Line 153: can you elaborate more on how to develop the gridded CO2 emissions here?
Line 161: please specify the vegetation types in detail.
Line 369 – 370: To make it easier for readers to follow, can you put a short summary for Sect. 4 here?
Line 452 – 454: how about OEA, OSA and SEA? You only mentioned China and India in this paragraph.
Line 586: Fig. S2 is for open biomass burning. Please add it to make the sentence clearer.
Line 649: The title of Figure 11 is ambiguous. Please change “Emissions (right columns)” to “2010 and 2017 emissions (right columns)”.
Line 697: do you mean different data sources of inventories? Please rephrase this sentence.
Line 724: temporal resolution to high temporal resolution, chemical speciation to detailed chemical speciation.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2283-RC1 -
AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2283/egusphere-2023-2283-AC1-supplement.pdf
-
AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
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RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2283', Anonymous Referee #2, 27 Dec 2023
This article has developed the MIXv2 Asian emission inventory under the framework of the Model Inter- Comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) Phase IV, the emissions for anthropogenic and biomass burning sources covering 23 countries and regions has been estimated. It is a important database. However, the formal and the organizational structure of the paper needs to be reconsidered. It reads more like a database usage instruction. I suggest the authors can resubmit this paper after a major revision.
- Line 48-49: It may be inappropriate to place this address in the abstract.
- The introduction should be further optimized. It is more like a briefly introduction for the MIX Asian inventory in a project report.
- How to ensure the data consistency when multiple emission inventories were used?
- Line 366: The uncertainties of MIXv2 can not be evaluated, can we find a better way to solve this problem?
- Line 432-433: Power plants are the major driving factor for emissions reduction of NOx. So how about on-road transportation sources? As you mentioned the anthropogenic emissions in OSA and SEA was also mainly driven by the vehicle growth.
- Line 568-569: s. Can you explain why the small monthly variations were found in Indian and OSA?
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2283-RC2 -
AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2283/egusphere-2023-2283-AC2-supplement.pdf
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CC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2283', Gabriele Pfister, 08 Jan 2024
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2283/egusphere-2023-2283-CC1-supplement.pdf
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AC4: 'Reply on CC1', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2283/egusphere-2023-2283-AC4-supplement.pdf
-
AC4: 'Reply on CC1', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
-
RC3: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-2283', Anonymous Referee #3, 09 Jan 2024
This paper is a welcomed update of the MIX emission inventories developed within the MICS-Asia framework. This is a great example of an inclusive and collaborative effort that brings together emission experts from various countries in Asia and combines best available country level information to produce an Asia wide consistent set of emissions. This current work extends this inventory in time from 2010 to 2017 and increases the spatial resolution (from 25 km to 10 km). These are significant advancements. This new inventory will support many modeling and analysis studies.
The previous inventory has been widely used and been a great contribution to air quality studies in Asia. However, there was a clear need to update in time the inventory to support further studies as emissions in this region continue to change rapidly over time.
The paper is well written and presents sufficient details to understand the methodologies used. It also presents useful information regarding the trends in species and sectors in various parts of Asia.
A significant contribution.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2283-RC3 -
AC3: 'Reply on RC3', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2023/egusphere-2023-2283/egusphere-2023-2283-AC3-supplement.pdf
-
AC3: 'Reply on RC3', Meng Li, 12 Feb 2024
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Junichi Kurokawa
Qiang Zhang
Jung-Hun Woo
Tazuko Morikawa
Satoru Chatani
Zifeng Lu
Yu Song
Guannan Geng
Hanwen Hu
Jinseok Kim
Owen R. Cooper
Brian C. McDonald
The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.
- Preprint
(2512 KB) - Metadata XML
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Supplement
(530 KB) - BibTeX
- EndNote
- Final revised paper