the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
| 24 Jul 2023
Associations of interannual variation of Summer Tropospheric Ozone with Western Pacific Subtropical High in China from 1999 to 2017
Abstract. Associations between tropospheric ozone (O3) and climate variations have been extensively investigated worldwide. However, given the lack of historical O3 monitoring data, the knowledge gaps regarding the influences of climate variations on long-term O3 trends in China remain. The present study used a unique tropospheric O3 dataset from the summer of 1999 to 2017 simulated by an atmospheric chemistry model to explore the linkage between summer O3 and a dominant atmospheric circulation system – the Western Pacific Subtropical High Pressure (WPSH) on an interannual basis in China. During this period, both WPSH strength and O3 concentrations in eastern and central China illustrated a growing trend. An EOF analysis was conducted to examine significant summer O3 characteristics and patterns and their potential connections with the WPSH. We show that the WPSH determines interannual fluctuations of summer O3, whereas O3 precursor emissions contribute primarily to the O3 long-term trend. Special efforts were made to discern the associations of O3 variations in major urban agglomerations of China and the WPSH. The results reveal that the WPSH plays a more vital role in O3 perturbation in the eastern seaboard regions and inland China, but leads to lower O3 levels in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. Precursor emissions made more significant contributions up to 60 % to increasing O3 trends in the inland urban agglomerations than coastal regions in eastern and southern China. The strongest contribution of meteorological conditions associated with the WPSH to summer ozone concentration occurred in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), accounting for over 9 % to ozone perturbations from 1999 to 2017. Overall, we find that the effect of the WPSH on regional O3 depends on the spatial proximity to the WPSH. We attributed the effects of the WPSH on O3 interannual variations to the changes in air temperature, precipitation, and winds associated with the WPSH’s intensity and positions.
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Notice on discussion status
The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.
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Preprint
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Supplement
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The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.
- Preprint
(2345 KB) - Metadata XML
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Supplement
(2048 KB) - BibTeX
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- Final revised paper
Journal article(s) based on this preprint
Interactive discussion
Status: closed
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RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-1373', Anonymous Referee #1, 02 Sep 2023
This study utilized model simulations and data analysis to investigate the spatiotemporal variations of summer ozone concentrations in China and their influencing factors. The results revealed higher ozone concentrations in the Sichuan Basin and the central region of North China compared to other areas, and a strengthening correlation between summer ozone concentrations and the Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) over the past two decades. Precursor emissions were identified as the dominant factor driving the long-term trends and magnitudes of summer ozone concentrations, while meteorological conditions associated with the WPSH played a key role in the interannual variability of ozone. The response of ozone evolution to precursor emissions and meteorological conditions varied across different urban areas, with inland city clusters exhibiting stronger responses to precursor emissions and coastal city clusters showing stronger responses to meteorological conditions. Therefore, the development of appropriate ozone reduction strategies should consider the specific characteristics and environmental conditions of each local urban area. Overall, I recommend the acceptance of the manuscript after making minor revisions.
- This study mainly analyzes the simulation results, but it seems there is a lack of model evaluation. To enhance the credibility of the paper, it is recommended to provide a comparison between the simulated results and measurements to validate the simulated ozone concentrations.
- The first paragraph of the introduction describes various hazards of ozone, which, although accurate, are not closely related to the main topic of this paper. To quickly focus on the topic, it is advised to trim down these descriptions in the introduction and emphasize the background and objectives of the research.
- Two indices of the Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) were employed in this study, but the description of the impact of the second index on ozone seems more like an inference and requires a more rigorous analysis.
- The paper argues that the influence of WPSH on regional ozone depends on the spatial proximity to WPSH. Firstly, please clarify the geographic scope of WPSH. Secondly, this conclusion seems to be invalid in some regions, such as Xinjiang, where the correlation between ozone and WPSH is stronger than in Mongolia. To enhance the accuracy and applicability of the paper, please provide more detailed analysis and data support regarding the relationship between ozone and WPSH in different regions, and discuss possible reasons for these differences.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1373-RC1 - AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Jianmin Ma, 22 Oct 2023
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RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-1373', Anonymous Referee #2, 02 Oct 2023
Please find the comments in the supplement
- AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Jianmin Ma, 22 Oct 2023
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RC3: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-1373', Anonymous Referee #3, 10 Oct 2023
- AC3: 'Reply on RC3', Jianmin Ma, 22 Oct 2023
Interactive discussion
Status: closed
-
RC1: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-1373', Anonymous Referee #1, 02 Sep 2023
This study utilized model simulations and data analysis to investigate the spatiotemporal variations of summer ozone concentrations in China and their influencing factors. The results revealed higher ozone concentrations in the Sichuan Basin and the central region of North China compared to other areas, and a strengthening correlation between summer ozone concentrations and the Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) over the past two decades. Precursor emissions were identified as the dominant factor driving the long-term trends and magnitudes of summer ozone concentrations, while meteorological conditions associated with the WPSH played a key role in the interannual variability of ozone. The response of ozone evolution to precursor emissions and meteorological conditions varied across different urban areas, with inland city clusters exhibiting stronger responses to precursor emissions and coastal city clusters showing stronger responses to meteorological conditions. Therefore, the development of appropriate ozone reduction strategies should consider the specific characteristics and environmental conditions of each local urban area. Overall, I recommend the acceptance of the manuscript after making minor revisions.
- This study mainly analyzes the simulation results, but it seems there is a lack of model evaluation. To enhance the credibility of the paper, it is recommended to provide a comparison between the simulated results and measurements to validate the simulated ozone concentrations.
- The first paragraph of the introduction describes various hazards of ozone, which, although accurate, are not closely related to the main topic of this paper. To quickly focus on the topic, it is advised to trim down these descriptions in the introduction and emphasize the background and objectives of the research.
- Two indices of the Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) were employed in this study, but the description of the impact of the second index on ozone seems more like an inference and requires a more rigorous analysis.
- The paper argues that the influence of WPSH on regional ozone depends on the spatial proximity to WPSH. Firstly, please clarify the geographic scope of WPSH. Secondly, this conclusion seems to be invalid in some regions, such as Xinjiang, where the correlation between ozone and WPSH is stronger than in Mongolia. To enhance the accuracy and applicability of the paper, please provide more detailed analysis and data support regarding the relationship between ozone and WPSH in different regions, and discuss possible reasons for these differences.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1373-RC1 - AC1: 'Reply on RC1', Jianmin Ma, 22 Oct 2023
-
RC2: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-1373', Anonymous Referee #2, 02 Oct 2023
Please find the comments in the supplement
- AC2: 'Reply on RC2', Jianmin Ma, 22 Oct 2023
-
RC3: 'Comment on egusphere-2023-1373', Anonymous Referee #3, 10 Oct 2023
- AC3: 'Reply on RC3', Jianmin Ma, 22 Oct 2023
Peer review completion
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Xiaodong Zhang
Ruiyu Zhugu
Xiaohu Jian
Xinrui Liu
Kaijie Chen
Shu Tao
Junfeng Liu
Hong Gao
Tao Huang
Jianmin Ma
The requested preprint has a corresponding peer-reviewed final revised paper. You are encouraged to refer to the final revised version.
- Preprint
(2345 KB) - Metadata XML
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Supplement
(2048 KB) - BibTeX
- EndNote
- Final revised paper