<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" specific-use="SMUR" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-6132</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>A Storm-driven Reversal of the Springtime North Atlantic CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Sink</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Olivier</surname>
<given-names>Léa</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9014-0979</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Haumann</surname>
<given-names>F. Alexander</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-977X</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Landschützer</surname>
<given-names>Peter</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7398-3293</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Klußmannstraße 3d, 27570 Bremerhaven,  Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Geography, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Luisenstraße 37, 80333 Munich, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ), Jacobsenstraat 1, 8400 Ostend, Belgium</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>21</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>19</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Léa Olivier et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-6132/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-6132/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-6132/egusphere-2026-6132.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-6132/egusphere-2026-6132.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The North Atlantic Ocean is a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), particularly in spring when phytoplankton blooms intensify CO&lt;sub&gt;2 &lt;/sub&gt;uptake. Its magnitude and variability affect how much anthropogenic CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is sequestered. Yet short-term variability in this sink remains poorly constrained. Energetic events such as storms are rarely sampled, leaving their contribution to air-sea CO&lt;sub&gt;2 &lt;/sub&gt;exchange unresolved. Here we report a reversal of this sink during spring 2023, captured by validated measurements aboard a racing sailboat crossing a storm. Surface ocean CO&lt;sub&gt;2 &lt;/sub&gt;increased abruptly, reaching on average 34 &amp;micro;atm above atmospheric levels (magnitude comparable to the ~40 &amp;micro;atm undersaturation that typically sustains spring uptake) as strong winds drove vertical mixing and Ekman suction that ventilated an unusually shallow carbon-rich subsurface reservoir. The anomaly was further amplified by a concurrent marine heatwave. Our observations provide evidence that storms can ventilate subsurface carbon reservoirs and temporarily reverse CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes even during peak biological drawdown. They reveal a mode of short-lived but intense carbon outgassing that is unresolved in coarse resolution models. As storms and marine heatwaves intensify under climate change, such events will become an increasingly important component of the ocean carbon cycle and may weaken the North Atlantic CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; sink.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="19"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>Helmholtz Association</funding-source>
<award-id>VH-NG-19-33</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs2">
<funding-source>European Research Council</funding-source>
<award-id>01041743</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs3">
<funding-source>HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council</funding-source>
<award-id>101137682</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs4">
<funding-source>Schmidt Sciences</funding-source>
<award-id>OBVI InMOS</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
</back>
</article>