<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" specific-use="SMUR" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-5297</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Participatory approaches promoting flood risk knowledge and self-protection behaviours in Liguria, northern Italy</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Esposito</surname>
<given-names>Giuseppe</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5638-657X</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Cavalli</surname>
<given-names>Rosa Maria</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3680-4890</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chelli</surname>
<given-names>Ginevra</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Marchesini</surname>
<given-names>Ivan</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8342-3134</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Molinari</surname>
<given-names>Daniela</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2473-1257</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Passarella</surname>
<given-names>Roberto</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Salvati</surname>
<given-names>Paola</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4305-2105</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sterlacchini</surname>
<given-names>Simone</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Voltolina</surname>
<given-names>Debora</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zazzeri</surname>
<given-names>Marco</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9127-0537</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Milella</surname>
<given-names>Marco</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5844-3192</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Istituto di Geoscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-GEO), Perugia, 06128, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Istituto di Geoscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-GEO), Milano, 20126, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Dipartimento di Filosofia, Scienze Sociali, Umane e della Formazione, Università di Perugia, Perugia, 06123, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ambientale (DICA), Politecnico di Milano, Milano, 20133, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>26</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>27</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Giuseppe Esposito et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-5297/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-5297/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-5297/egusphere-2026-5297.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-5297/egusphere-2026-5297.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Participatory approaches are increasingly recognized as effective strategies for enhancing risk awareness and promoting inclusive decision-making processes in the context of natural hazards. Nevertheless, communicating risk to the general public remains a significant challenge, often facing indifference, low engagement, or resistance. This study investigates the potential of co-designed and participatory methodologies to strengthen flood-risk communication and awareness among young people in two towns in northern Italy. High-school students, including participants with disabilities, were actively engaged in the reconstruction of past flood events and evaluation of residential buildings&amp;rsquo; physical vulnerability through field surveys, data collection, and data analysis activities supported by web applications developed through co-design. In addition, the students took part in educational pathways integrating visual elements, colours, emotions, narratives, and sounds, thereby fostering a multisensory understanding of flood-related phenomena. Insights from student participation and interactive discussions, cognitive and emotional engagement, high-quality co-designed outputs suggest as these experiential and participatory approaches substantially contributed to students&amp;rsquo; understanding of flood dynamics, geo-hydrological risk, and the impacts of climate change. In addition, successful peer-to-peer dissemination experiences highlighted the emergence of students as effective intermediaries in risk-communication processes, facilitating peer-to-peer knowledge exchange and promoting dialogue with local communities and decision-makers. Overall, this work underscores as co-designed initiatives not only enhance knowledge and awareness of geo-hydrological risks but also encourage proactive behaviours and strengthen long-term resilience at both individual and community levels.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="27"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>NextGenerationEU</funding-source>
<award-id>2022NRAW3Z_PE10_PRIN2022</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
</back>
</article>