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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-5285</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Tropical circulation and associated precipitation responses under idealized global warming simulations</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Karpasitis</surname>
<given-names>Andreas</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0902-1647</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Abe</surname>
<given-names>Manabu</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4822-3321</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bossert</surname>
<given-names>Isaline</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Fröb</surname>
<given-names>Friederike</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2516-1682</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Frölicher</surname>
<given-names>Thomas</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hadjinicolaou</surname>
<given-names>Panos</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1170-2182</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Jones</surname>
<given-names>Colin</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7221-8127</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Séférian</surname>
<given-names>Roland</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2571-2114</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Torsvik</surname>
<given-names>Tomas</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9138-5847</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Walton</surname>
<given-names>Jeremy</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7372-178X</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wyser</surname>
<given-names>Klaus</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9752-3454</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Yokohata</surname>
<given-names>Tokuta</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7346-7988</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">
<sup>9</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zittis</surname>
<given-names>George</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6839-5622</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Climate and Atmosphere Research Center (CARE-C), The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokohama, Japan</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Météo-France, CNRS, Univ. Toulouse, CNRM, Toulouse, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Climate and Environmental Physics &amp; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<addr-line>National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff7">
<label>7</label>
<addr-line>Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Science and Services, Exeter, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff8">
<label>8</label>
<addr-line>Swedish Meteorological Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Norrköping, Sweden</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff9">
<label>9</label>
<addr-line>National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, Japan</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>17</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>29</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Andreas Karpasitis et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-5285/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-5285/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-5285/egusphere-2026-5285.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-5285/egusphere-2026-5285.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a major precipitation feature in the global equatorial regions and a crucial part of the tropical atmospheric circulation. Due to its effects on the Hadley circulation, changes in the position and characteristics of the ITCZ can have a cascading impact not only in tropical regions that receive abundant precipitation throughout the year but also in adjacent sub-tropical regions that receive less rainfall, mostly in certain seasons. Aiming for a better understanding of tropical and sub-tropical precipitation dynamics, here we study the changes in the ITCZ position and characteristics, including the edges and strength, across various longitudinal bands for 2 &amp;deg;C and 4 &amp;deg;C Global Warming Levels (GWLs) above the pre-industrial conditions. Our analysis is based on idealized simulations from the Tipping Points Inter-comparison Project (TIPMIP). Shifts in the characteristics of the ITCZ are contrasted with the changes in the tropical and sub-tropical precipitation from these idealized experiments. Additionally, the variations in the regional zonal mean of the pressure velocity, as well as the global zonal mean of the mass streamfunction and pressure velocity, are assessed for both GWLs and compared with the modifications in the ITCZ location and associated precipitation. Our results show that the global zonal mean ITCZ will contract with a higher global mean temperature, with a general displacement toward the winter hemisphere. In the various regions, the ITCZ response to increasing global temperatures generally varies, but overall, weaker updrafts are projected. The precipitation intensity of the ITCZ band becomes stronger, despite the weakening of the Hadley cell circulation and its ascending and descending branches, with decreased precipitation projected in the descending branch over the sub-tropics.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="29"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme</funding-source>
<award-id>101081193</award-id>
<award-id>101137673</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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<back>
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</article>