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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-4654</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Characterising the long-term effects of stratospheric aerosol injection geoengineering on the stratospheric ozone layer with mid-infrared limb emission sounding instruments</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kosary</surname>
<given-names>Mona</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5658-7942</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sellitto</surname>
<given-names>Pasquale</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7440-2350</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Höpfner</surname>
<given-names>Michael</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4174-9531</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Funke</surname>
<given-names>Bernd</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0462-4702</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hoffmann</surname>
<given-names>Alex</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ungermann</surname>
<given-names>Jörn</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9095-8332</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Errera</surname>
<given-names>Quentin</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Tilmes</surname>
<given-names>Simone</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-3569</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sinnhuber</surname>
<given-names>Björn-Martin</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9608-7320</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Univ. Paris-Est Créteil and Université de Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques,  Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Créteil, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Osservatorio Etneo, Catania, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMKASF), Karlsruhe, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Solar System Department, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Granada, Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>European Space Agency, EOP Climate Action, Sustainability and Science Department, European Space Research and  Technology Centre (ESA/ESTEC), Noordwijk, The Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<addr-line>Forschungszentrum Jülich, Institute of Climate and Energy Systems Stratosphere (ICE-4), Jülich, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff7">
<label>7</label>
<addr-line>Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB), Brussels, Belgium</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff8">
<label>8</label>
<addr-line>Atmospheric Chemistry, Observations, and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO,  USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>19</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>29</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Mona Kosary et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-4654/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-4654/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-4654/egusphere-2026-4654.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-4654/egusphere-2026-4654.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) has been proposed as a potential method to counteract anthropogenic greenhouse gas&amp;ndash;driven global warming but it may perturb the stratospheric ozone layer. Here, we use existing SAI scenario simulations as pseudo-reality (PR) input to assess how a future mid-infrared limb-emission sounding observing system would characterise its modelled ozone response. Our PR scenarios were generated using CESM2(WACCM6) simulations following the SSP5-34-OS overshoot pathway, with and without SAI. Pseudo-observations (PO) of a future instrument, modelled around the satellite mission concept CAIRT (the Changing-Atmosphere Infra-Red Tomography explorer), were generated using mission performance simulators, providing full error propagation and spatial smoothing characteristics. Our results demonstrate that a CAIRT-like mission can monitor and quantitatively characterise global, regional and seasonal ozone impacts associated with this SAI scenario. The parent PR fields used here contain a modelled SAI-induced ozone response, including: a) a pronounced additional depletion of total column ozone in the southern hemispheric high latitudes, with austral springtime reductions exceeding 20 DU between 2033&amp;ndash;2062, consistent with enhanced heterogeneous halogen activation on sulphate aerosols, b) a delay in Antarctic ozone recovery, and c) a moderate ozone increase in winter and spring at northern hemispheric mid and high latitudes, associated with altered transport and weakened subtropical jets. All these different decadal impacts of SAI interventions are observable with CAIRT PO and are fully distinguishable from a baseline non-SAI scenario. These findings highlight the importance of advanced satellite observations, which are not available nowadays, to monitor and evaluate these impacts.</p>
</abstract>
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