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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-4109</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Warm-Sector Heavy Rainfall over the Eastern China Plains: Identification, Characteristics, and Precursor Dynamic Signals</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Deng</surname>
<given-names>Weilong</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Guo</surname>
<given-names>Jianping</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8530-8976</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Li</surname>
<given-names>Ning</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zhang</surname>
<given-names>Zhen</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2317-2515</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>Yifei</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Yang</surname>
<given-names>Yi</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Meteorological Science and Technology &amp; Specialized Meteorological Support Technology Research Center, Chinese Academy  of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081,  China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences &amp; Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>CMA Field Scientific Experiment Base for Low-Altitude Economy  Meteorological Support of Unmanned Aviation in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao  Greater Bay Area, Shenzhen 518108, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>04</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>42</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Weilong Deng et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-4109/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-4109/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-4109/egusphere-2026-4109.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-4109/egusphere-2026-4109.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Warm-sector heavy rainfall (WSHR) features small spatial scales, posing critical forecast challenges, while its fractional contribution to regional heavy rainfall and its short-term precursors remain poorly quantified. Drawing on 2021&amp;ndash;2025 warm-season (June&amp;ndash;September) observations from 493 surface rain gauges, ERA5 reanalysis, and a radar wind profiler (RWP) mesonet across the eastern China plains, we build an objective identification framework integrating automated front detection, warm-sector mask, and station-specific 99&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;-percentile hourly rainfall thresholds to separate WSHR from other heavy rain events. We detect 477 station-based WSHR events alongside 6002 non-warm-sector heavy rainfall events. WSHR exhibits scattered spatial distribution, peaks in July&amp;ndash;August, and preferentially occurs overnight, with rainfall onset concentrated 2000&amp;ndash;0300 Beijing Time. Accounting for merely 5&amp;ndash;10 % of annual heavy rainfall occurrences, WSHR has shorter durations yet comparable median rainfall accumulations and heavier extreme rainfall tails. On average, they contributed 13.8 % of the total heavy-rainfall accumulation, and locally 40&amp;ndash;50 %. Composite ERA5 fields show that WSHR initiates within an 850-hPa moist tongue of high pseudo-equivalent potential temperature south of the front, superimposed on strengthening low-level moisture flux convergence. RWP composites based on 62 WSHR events reveal a characteristically low and strong low-level jet that becomes increasingly frequent before the onset of rainfall, accompanied by enhanced kinetic energy and shallow vertical shear below 3 km and an abrupt ascent increase centered at 1&amp;ndash;2 km within the final hour. These kinematic signals from wind profilers offer valuable observational precursors for predicting localized WSHR across the eastern China plains.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="42"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>National Natural Science Foundation of China</funding-source>
<award-id>42325501</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs2">
<funding-source>Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences</funding-source>
<award-id>2024Z003</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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