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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-3652</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>High-resolution rain-on-grid hydrodynamic modelling can replace hydrological models for catchment-scale flood simulation: the case of the 2021 Ahr catchment flood</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Khosh Bin Ghomash</surname>
<given-names>Shahin</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-4873</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Caviedes-Voullième</surname>
<given-names>Daniel</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7871-7544</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Chair for Environmental Fluid Dynamics and Modeling, TUD Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Simulation and Data Lab Terrestrial Systems, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences Agrosphere and Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschunszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>08</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>32</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Shahin Khosh Bin Ghomash</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-3652/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-3652/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-3652/egusphere-2026-3652.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-3652/egusphere-2026-3652.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Flood simulation and forecasting in mid- to large-sized catchments has long relied on coupling hydrological and hydrodynamic models, a two-tiered modelling strategy driven mainly by the assumption that physically-based hydrodynamic simulations at the resolutions needed to resolve channels and floodplains are computationally prohibitive at catchment scale. Recent advances in multi-GPU high-performance computing, together with increasing availability of high-resolution geospatial data are challenging this assumption. In this study, we test whether a fully hydrodynamic, rain-on-grid approach can be a standalone alternative to the traditional coupled chain, using the July 2021 flood in the Ahr catchment, Germany. We apply the performance-portable multi-GPU shallow-water solver SERGHEI to the entire ~900 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Ahr catchment at dx = 2, 5, and 10 m, forcing it directly with the 5-minute RADOLAN precipitation product. Assessed against the observed event, the rain-on-grid setup reproduces the flood characteristics remarkably well. Model skill metrics are comparable to &amp;ndash;and in some metrics improving&amp;ndash;, those reported by previous inundation studies relying on reconstructed hydrographs or hydrological-hydrodynamic two-tiered modelling chains for the same event. Remarkably the present setup using no hydrological model, no reconstructed inflow hydrograph, and no parameter calibration, and covering a domain roughly an order of magnitude larger, achieves very good results. We further show that the approach scales efficiently across two generations of GPU supercomputers, completing the 96-hour event between roughly 18 and 420 times faster than real time, well within operational early-warning requirements. The results suggest that, for catchments of this scale and event types of this nature, catchment-scale rain-on-grid hydrodynamic modelling has reached a level of maturity that justifies its use as a standalone alternative to the more traditional coupled hydrological&amp;ndash;hydrodynamic chain.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="32"/></counts>
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