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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-2772</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Solid-particle stratospheric aerosol injection: a 2-D modeling exploration of the design space</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lederer</surname>
<given-names>Yoav</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wygoda</surname>
<given-names>Nahliel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Halbertal</surname>
<given-names>Dorri</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Rose</surname>
<given-names>Brian E. J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Stardust Labs, Ness Ziona, Israel</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>27</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>40</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Yoav Lederer et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2772/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2772/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2772/egusphere-2026-2772.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2772/egusphere-2026-2772.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Solid-particle alternatives to sulfate for stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) span a broad parameter space: particle composition and morphology, sensitivities to agglomerate microphysics, and injection strategies in latitude, altitude, and season. Spanning this space with three-dimensional chemistry--climate models is practically prohibitive. To enable such sweeps, we present a two-dimensional (2-D) zonal-mean modeling framework for SAI with solid-particle materials. ERA5-constrained stratospheric transport is coupled with explicit aerosol microphysics and a modified RRTMG radiative transfer scheme, with each component extensively validated. Focusing on silica and calcite, we use the framework to explore SAI performance across two complementary axes: material properties together with monomer and agglomerate microphysics, and injection strategies in space and time. Tropical injection maximizes radiative forcing efficacy but pays the largest in-layer heating penalty. Coagulation in the tropical confinement amplifies aggregate diameters and partially offsets the residence-time advantage. A seasonal schedule (alternating-summer-hemisphere) delivers a modest 10-20% mid-latitude gain in radiative forcing efficacy over symmetric injection, but at a comparable mid-latitude heating-cost penalty. For IR-absorbing materials such as silica, symmetric mid-latitude injection reduces stratospheric heating with limited loss of efficacy; calcite&apos;s negligible IR absorption keeps the heating penalty an order of magnitude lower across all injection strategies considered.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="40"/></counts>
</article-meta>
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