<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" specific-use="SMUR" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-2640</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Fast approximation of Antarctica&amp;rsquo;s GIA response to future ice melt with 3-D Earth structure</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Swierczek-Jereczek</surname>
<given-names>Jan</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2213-0423</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lucas</surname>
<given-names>Erica M.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gomez</surname>
<given-names>Natalya</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2463-7917</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lloyd</surname>
<given-names>Andrew J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Latychev</surname>
<given-names>Konstantin</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Mitrovica</surname>
<given-names>Jerry X.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department Earth Physics and Astrophysics, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Geosciences Institute, CSIC-UCM, Madrid, Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<addr-line>Seakon, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff7">
<label>7</label>
<addr-line>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff8">
<label>8</label>
<addr-line>These authors contributed equally to this work.</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>11</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>26</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Jan Swierczek-Jereczek et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2640/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2640/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2640/egusphere-2026-2640.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2640/egusphere-2026-2640.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Projections of Antarctic ice mass loss and associated sea level contributions over the coming centuries are intrinsically linked to glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA), a process by which changing ice sheets deform the solid Earth and sea surface. Altering bedrock topography and sea levels at the grounding line, GIA exerts a strong control on marine ice sheet dynamics, especially on the multi-century timescales to be considered in ISMIP7 (Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project - Phase 7). To accurately capture bedrock and sea level changes, ice sheet models must be coupled with GIA models that include realistic spatial variations in solid Earth structure. However, GIA models that incorporate 3-D variations in Earth structure are computationally expensive, limiting their use in ice sheet modelling. Consequently, most ice sheet models still assume rigid bedrock topography or rely on simple GIA models that neglect realistic lateral variations in Earth structure. Here, we assess the performance of FastIsostasy, a computationally-efficient regional 2-D GIA model, relative to Seakon, a state-of-the-art 3-D GIA model, in iteratively coupled ice sheet &amp;ndash; GIA simulations of Antarctic Ice Sheet evolution over the next five centuries. Coupled simulations that employ FastIsotasy produce GIA, ice thickness, and grounding line predictions that closely match those from simulations using Seakon, and, more specifically, perform better than ice sheet simulations that rely on overly simplified GIA models. With the protocols for ISMIP7 under active development, FastIsostasy offers a viable approach for ice sheet modellers to accurately and efficiently capture solid Earth &amp;ndash; ice sheet feedbacks, permitting improved projections of Antarctic ice mass change and associated sea level contributions over the coming centuries.&amp;nbsp;</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="26"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>European Commission</funding-source>
<award-id>101137601</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs2">
<funding-source>Canada Research Chairs</funding-source>
<award-id>241814</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
</back>
</article>