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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-2626</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>MJO Diagnostic Tools v1.1: Reassessment and implementation of standard MJO diagnostic tools in Python</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Inoue</surname>
<given-names>Nijiko</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Suematsu</surname>
<given-names>Tamaki</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-4710</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Miura</surname>
<given-names>Hiroaki</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kim</surname>
<given-names>Daehyun</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Graduate School of Science, The University of 5 Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>RIKEN Center for Computational Science, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Department of Atmospheric and Climate Science, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>26</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>31</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Nijiko Inoue et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2626/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2626/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2626/egusphere-2026-2626.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2626/egusphere-2026-2626.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The Madden&amp;ndash;Julian Oscillation (MJO) remains difficult to simulate realistically in atmospheric and coupled models, with model performance being strongly dependent on physical parameterizations and model configurations. A standardized and reproducible diagnostic framework of the MJO is therefore essential for systematic evaluation and model development. A widely used set of MJO diagnostics was developed by the US CLIVAR MJO Working Group in 2009 (MJO-WG09), but its original implementation depends on software and workflows that are no longer readily accessible in modern computing environments.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In this study, we reimplement the MJO-WG09 diagnostics using Python-based analysis libraries. The diagnostics are reconstructed following the published methodology and, where necessary, by examining the original source code to resolve ambiguities. As a result of methodological reassessment, the new implementation differs from the original in aspects such as temporal filtering, statistical testing, and spectral analysis; these differences are documented and discussed. In addition, we introduce a new diagnostic to evaluate the Walker circulation associated with the MJO. The open-source package provides a reproducible foundation for consistent evaluation of MJO simulations across models.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="31"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>Japan Society for the Promotion of Science</funding-source>
<award-id>23K2539</award-id>
<award-id>21K13991</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs2">
<funding-source>National Research Foundation of Korea</funding-source>
<award-id>RS-2024-00336160</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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