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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-2612</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Temperature sensitivity of snow viscoplasticity: evidence from controlled creep experiments</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Védrine</surname>
<given-names>Louis</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3706-9741</ext-link>
</name>
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<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
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<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Brun</surname>
<given-names>Marius</given-names>
</name>
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<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
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<sup>2</sup>
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<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bozon</surname>
<given-names>Mathis</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
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<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
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<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Laurent</surname>
<given-names>Benoît</given-names>
</name>
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<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
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<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
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<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hagenmuller</surname>
<given-names>Pascal</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6581-2048</ext-link>
</name>
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<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
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<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
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<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Météo-France, CNRS, Centre d’Études de la Neige, 38000 Grenoble, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble 38000, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Université de Toulouse, Toulouse 31000, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Department of Physics, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 69364, Lyon, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>26</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>24</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Louis Védrine et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2612/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2612/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2612/egusphere-2026-2612.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2612/egusphere-2026-2612.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Snow is a warm, porous material whose densification under its own weight is highly temperature-dependent. Despite decades of research, reported activation energies for snow viscoplasticity remain highly scattered, ranging from 40 to 600 kJ mol&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. We quantified the temperature dependence of snow viscoplasticity using in-tomograph creep experiments with a newly developed thermo-mechanical cell. This design allows accurate load and temperature control, micrometric displacement measurement, and microstructural evolution monitoring via X-ray tomography. To disentangle microstructural evolution and temperature effects on the compression rate, we used a state-of-the-art viscoplastic model. We conducted five experiments on centimetre-scale samples of decomposing and fragmented precipitation particles with initial densities ranging from 278 to 320 kg m&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt; under an applied stress of 1.25 kPa. Each experiment comprised five temperature steps from -6 to -18&amp;deg;C, each lasting one day, and resulted in a mean final vertical strain of 4%. We show that the viscoplastic response follows a two-regime Arrhenius law, with activation energies Q&lt;sub&gt;h&lt;/sub&gt; = 126 &amp;plusmn; 6 kJ mol&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; for temperatures above -13 &amp;plusmn; 1&amp;deg;C and Q&lt;sub&gt;l &lt;/sub&gt;= 51 &amp;plusmn; 18 kJ mol&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; below. This temperature sensitivity matches that reported for polycrystalline ice but is greater than that used in detailed snowpack models.</p>
</abstract>
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