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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-2478</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>TopoToolbox 3, a laboratory for quantitative geomorphology</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kearney</surname>
<given-names>William</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3225-1034</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Arnau</surname>
<given-names>Gina</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bringezu</surname>
<given-names>Theophil</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dietze</surname>
<given-names>Michael</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6063-1726</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gailleton</surname>
<given-names>Boris</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6518-4304</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">
<sup>9</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lamprecht</surname>
<given-names>Anna-Lena</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lenz</surname>
<given-names>Kilian</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ott</surname>
<given-names>Richard</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8257-0079</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Scherler</surname>
<given-names>Dirk</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Steer</surname>
<given-names>Philippe</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2710-6553</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Schwanghart</surname>
<given-names>Wolfgang</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6907-6474</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Environmental Sciences and Geography, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States of America</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Computer Science, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, 14473 Potsdam, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Geography, RWTH Aachen, 52062 Aachen, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<addr-line>Université de Rennes, CNRS, Géoscience Rennes – UMR 6118, 35000 Rennes, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff7">
<label>7</label>
<addr-line>Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, 1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff8">
<label>8</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Geographical Sciences, Freie University Berlin, 12249 Berlin, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff9">
<label>9</label>
<addr-line>Centre national d’études spatiales (CNES), 75039 Paris, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>26</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>29</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 William Kearney et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2478/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2478/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2478/egusphere-2026-2478.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2478/egusphere-2026-2478.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>TopoToolbox has been widely used to analyze and model landscapes across geomorphology and other geospatial disciplines for the past 15 years. Its documentation and accessible interfaces have made it a valuable resource for teaching and learning quantitative geomorphology while its customizability and efficiency have allowed researchers to use it as a platform for experimentation and implementation of their own analyses and models. Its third version, TopoToolbox 3, builds on these developments by improving access to the software, integrating with a larger ecosystem of geomorphology software, and establishing sustainable research software engineering practices. TopoToolbox, previously available only on the MATLAB platform, is now also available to users of Python, and an R interface is under development. The redesigned architecture of TopoToolbox 3 is based on a shared library of core computational routines that makes these and other integrations possible while maintaining the MATLAB interface for existing users of the software. We illustrate the power of this design with examples of how users can integrate TopoToolbox into their workflows. First, we compare the implementation of a basic application, $\chi$ maps, in MATLAB and Python. Second, we use the GraphFlood hydraulic model, now available in TopoToolbox, to showcase the potential of integrating simulation tools and analyzing their output in one computational environment. Third, we demonstrate a two-way coupling between TopoToolbox and the Python-based Landlab landscape evolution modeling framework. Finally, we show how property-based testing can successfully identify bugs in the absence of known solutions to test cases. We conclude by discussing how improved quality assurance and community-driven development practices ensure that TopoToolbox continues to serve the evolving needs of the geomorphology community.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="29"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft</funding-source>
<award-id>LA 5534/1</award-id>
<award-id>SCHE 1676/7-1</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs2">
<funding-source>H2020 European Research Council</funding-source>
<award-id>803721</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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<back>
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