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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-2417</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>The Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) contribution to CMIP7 &amp;ndash; description of new experimental protocols and preliminary results</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Visioni</surname>
<given-names>Daniele</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7342-2189</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Robock</surname>
<given-names>Alan</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6319-5656</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Duffey</surname>
<given-names>Alistair</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Henry</surname>
<given-names>Matthew</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4498-6476</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hirasawa</surname>
<given-names>Haruki</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-8364</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lee</surname>
<given-names>Walker R.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0671-8083</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>Cindy</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6783-1672</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Roberts</surname>
<given-names>Kelsey</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Watanabe</surname>
<given-names>Shingo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Reboita</surname>
<given-names>Michelle S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">
<sup>9</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sugiyama</surname>
<given-names>Masahiro</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">
<sup>10</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kravitz</surname>
<given-names>Ben</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6318-1150</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">
<sup>11</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Haywood</surname>
<given-names>Jim</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2143-6634</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Tilmes</surname>
<given-names>Simone</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6557-3569</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">
<sup>12</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bonou</surname>
<given-names>Frederic</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2121-6893</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13">
<sup>13</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chen</surname>
<given-names>Jack</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sukodolov</surname>
<given-names>Timofei</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7100-738X</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14">
<sup>14</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Vattioni</surname>
<given-names>Sandro</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4099-3903</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14">
<sup>14</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15">
<sup>15</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Jörimann</surname>
<given-names>Andrin</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2113-4532</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14">
<sup>14</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15">
<sup>15</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Villanueva</surname>
<given-names>Diego</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3673-5706</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15">
<sup>15</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Vella</surname>
<given-names>Ryan</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0748-9286</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15">
<sup>15</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Farron</surname>
<given-names>Paul</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0749-3346</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15">
<sup>15</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bednarz</surname>
<given-names>Ewa M.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7441-0497</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16">
<sup>16</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">
<sup>17</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Niemeier</surname>
<given-names>Ulrike</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0088-8364</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18">
<sup>18</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Golja</surname>
<given-names>Colleen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19">
<sup>19</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Anel</surname>
<given-names>Juan A.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2448-4647</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff20">
<sup>20</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850 USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Reflective, San Francisco, CA, United States</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Department of Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105 USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<addr-line>Climate &amp; Global Dynamics Laboratory, NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, 80305</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff7">
<label>7</label>
<addr-line>Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff8">
<label>8</label>
<addr-line>Advanced Institute for Marine Ecosystem Change (WPI-AIMEC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff9">
<label>9</label>
<addr-line>Instituto de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Itajubá, Itajubá, Brazil</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff10">
<label>10</label>
<addr-line>University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff11">
<label>11</label>
<addr-line>Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff12">
<label>12</label>
<addr-line>National Science Foundation - National Center for Atmospheric Research (NSF-NCAR), Atmospheric Chemistry Observations &amp; Modeling (ACOM), Boulder, CO, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff13">
<label>13</label>
<addr-line>Institut de Recherches Halieutiques et Océanologiques du Bénin (IRHOB), Benin</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff14">
<label>14</label>
<addr-line>Physikalisch Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos/World Radiation Center, Davos, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff15">
<label>15</label>
<addr-line>Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff16">
<label>16</label>
<addr-line>Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff17">
<label>17</label>
<addr-line>NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (NOAA CSL), Boulder, CO, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff18">
<label>18</label>
<addr-line>Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff19">
<label>19</label>
<addr-line>Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff20">
<label>20</label>
<addr-line>EPhysLab, CIM-UVigo, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>08</day>
<month>05</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>47</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Daniele Visioni et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2417/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2417/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2417/egusphere-2026-2417.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2417/egusphere-2026-2417.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) is a coordinated international model intercomparison effort with the aim of providing robust experimental protocols for simulations of various Solar Radiation Modification (SRM) methods. Through many iterations and discussions within the GeoMIP community, it has become clear that balancing simplicity with scientific realism and policy relevance and associated complexities is fundamental when designing modeling experiments. Such experiments must both diagnose areas of model agreement and disagreement through the lens of climate science and provide results useful for understanding the potential downstream impacts of SRM across different sectors. Here we present a suite of new climate model experiments designed for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 7 (CMIP7), building on lessons learned from previous GeoMIP experiments, recent SRM research, and new simulations developed for CMIP7. We provide detailed experimental designs and their underlying rationale, including preliminary results from sensitivity analyses performed with CMIP6 models. Compared to previous GeoMIP iterations, we organize experiments into three categories: i) Preparatory Experiments, designed to diagnose model responses and inform more complex experimental designs; ii) Tier 1 experiments, the core simulations that all participating models are encouraged to run; and iii) Tier 2 experiments, which provide a flexible framework for exploring structural and scenario uncertainties under SRM, including the potential interaction with temporary overshoot scenarios and tipping elements dynamics. This framework encourages modeling groups to propose their own experiments building upon the Tier 1 backbone, enabling more targeted exploration while ensuring cross-model compatibility.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="47"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>NOAA Research</funding-source>
<award-id>NA22OAR4320151</award-id>
<award-id>NA22OAR4310479</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs2">
<funding-source>Japan Society for the Promotion of Science</funding-source>
<award-id>JP25K03324</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs3">
<funding-source>Development of Advanced Measurement and Analysis Systems</funding-source>
<award-id>JPMXD0722681344</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs4">
<funding-source>National Science Foundation</funding-source>
<award-id>AGS-2017113</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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<back>
</back>
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