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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-2283</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Extending Medium-Range Global Flood Forecasts: The Google Global Flood Forecasting Model Version 2</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Cohen</surname>
<given-names>Deborah</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0153-8537</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Amira</surname>
<given-names>Rony</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Aschner</surname>
<given-names>Rom</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Carny</surname>
<given-names>Yuval</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Feinstein</surname>
<given-names>Ben</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Fester</surname>
<given-names>Hadas</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Fronman</surname>
<given-names>Shmulik</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gauch</surname>
<given-names>Martin</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4587-898X</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gilon</surname>
<given-names>Oren</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Green</surname>
<given-names>Rotem</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hassidim</surname>
<given-names>Avinatan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Klotz</surname>
<given-names>Daniel</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9843-6798</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kratzert</surname>
<given-names>Frederik</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8897-7689</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Korenfeld</surname>
<given-names>Dan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Loike</surname>
<given-names>Gila</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Markel</surname>
<given-names>Amit</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Matias</surname>
<given-names>Yossi</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Mayo</surname>
<given-names>Rotem</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Metzger</surname>
<given-names>Asher</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Mosheyev</surname>
<given-names>Benny</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Niego</surname>
<given-names>Aviel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Rees</surname>
<given-names>Stephanie</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Reinstein</surname>
<given-names>Emily</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sicherman</surname>
<given-names>Amitay</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Shalev</surname>
<given-names>Guy</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Shefi</surname>
<given-names>Omri</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Shildan</surname>
<given-names>Yuval</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zemach</surname>
<given-names>Ido</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zlydenko</surname>
<given-names>Oleg</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Nearing</surname>
<given-names>Grey</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Google Research, Electra Tower, Yigal Alon St 98, Tel Aviv-Yafo, 6789141, Israel</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Google Research, 6 Pancras Sq, London N1C 4AG, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Google Research, Brandschenkestrasse 110, 8002 Zürich, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Google Research,  Graben 19, 1010 Wien, Austria</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Google Research,  1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy, Mountain View, CA 94043  USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<addr-line>Google, 1-13 St Giles High St, London WC2H 8AG, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff7">
<label>7</label>
<addr-line>Google, 111 8th Ave, New York, NY 10011 USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff8">
<label>8</label>
<addr-line>Google DeepMind, Electra Tower, Yigal Alon St 98, Tel Aviv-Yafo, 6789141, Israel</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>29</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>31</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Deborah Cohen et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2283/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2283/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2283/egusphere-2026-2283.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-2283/egusphere-2026-2283.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>This paper evaluates an updated flood forecasting system that significantly extends reliable lead times. We evaluated this updated model (v2) against the prior system (v1) and established third-party benchmarks across 1,223 global test basins. The primary finding is that the v2 system extends the reliable predictive horizon by 6 days in gauged basins and 1 day in ungauged basins relative to the v1 nowcast, as measured by the Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency. Along with this paper, we release an open-source codebase for training both the v1 and v2 forecast models with the open-source Caravan dataset.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="31"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
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