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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-1984</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Air-sea gas exchange in the central Baltic Sea</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dobashi</surname>
<given-names>Ryo</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2265-2611</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ho</surname>
<given-names>David T.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0944-6952</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dong</surname>
<given-names>Yuanxu</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Marandino</surname>
<given-names>Christa A.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Czerski</surname>
<given-names>Helen</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9181-0580</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, 1000 Pope Road, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Research Division 2, Wischhofstr. 1-3, 24148, Kiel, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Environmental Physics, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Roberts Engineering Building, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>22</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>24</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Ryo Dobashi et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-1984/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-1984/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-1984/egusphere-2026-1984.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-1984/egusphere-2026-1984.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Air-sea CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes play an important role in the global carbon cycle and impact Earth&apos;s climate. Knowledge of the gas transfer velocity (&lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt;) is needed to determine air-sea CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; fluxes, and wind speed-based parametrizations of &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; often perform well in the open ocean under moderate winds. In the Baltic Sea, several parameterizations have been proposed to estimate &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt;, and they yield a higher &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; compared with parameterizations commonly used in the open ocean. In this study, we measured &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; in the Baltic Sea using the &lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;He/SF&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt; dual tracer technique to assess the applicability of published parameterizations in the inland sea ecosystem. Observed &lt;em&gt;k&lt;/em&gt; was similar to those in offshore regions at the same wind speeds, even with enhanced surfactant activity. Comparison with observations in the nearshore Baltic Sea suggests that commonly used open ocean parameterizations are applicable in the Baltic Sea under moderate wind speeds and developed wave fields.</p>
</abstract>
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<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>National Science Foundation</funding-source>
<award-id>OCE-2123997</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
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