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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-1451</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Using a two-stage Rosenbrock solver to improve surface ozone prediction and increase computational efficiency in the DOE&apos;s Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1)</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chien</surname>
<given-names>Rong-You</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5464-9225</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Fu</surname>
<given-names>Joshua S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Integrated Computational Earth Sciences Group, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>28</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>23</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Rong-You Chien</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-1451/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-1451/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-1451/egusphere-2026-1451.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-1451/egusphere-2026-1451.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The integration of stiff atmospheric chemical systems is a major computational cost in Earth System Models and poses challenges for numerical stability and scalability as chemical complexity and temporal resolution increase. Current implementations commonly rely on fully implicit Newton&amp;ndash;Raphson-based solvers, which are robust but computationally expensive. In this study, we implement a semi-implicit two-stage Rosenbrock method (ROS2) in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1) and evaluate its performance as an alternative chemistry time-integration scheme. The ROS2 solver is applied to two interactive chemical mechanisms of differing stiffness and size: chemUCI (60 prognostic species) and trop_strat_mozart_mam4 (155 prognostic species). Numerical experiments include short simulations to quantify computational cost and year-long integrations to assess numerical stability, solution consistency, and long-term behavior. Solver performance is evaluated under identical model configurations and timesteps. At a 180-second timestep, ROS2 reduces chemistry integration cost by approximately 33 % relative to the default implicit solver. Differences in global mean surface ozone concentrations are small (&amp;le;1.03 ppb), and no systematic drift or degradation in numerical stability is observed over one-year simulations. These results indicate that low-order Rosenbrock methods provide a computationally efficient and numerically stable alternative for stiff atmospheric chemistry integration in E3SMv1. The implementation offers a flexible framework for future model configurations with increased chemical complexity and resolution.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="23"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory</funding-source>
<award-id>B635004/DE-AC52-07NA27344</award-id>
<award-id>DE-AC02-05CH11231</award-id>
<award-id>DE-AC05-00OR22725</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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