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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2026-1164</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>A T-DINEOF model for multiple oceanic variables reconstruction</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ping</surname>
<given-names>Bo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Yang</surname>
<given-names>Ruiting</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Meng</surname>
<given-names>Yunshan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Su</surname>
<given-names>Fenzhen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Xue</surname>
<given-names>Cunjin</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3605-6578</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>School of Earth System Science, Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>National Marine Data and Information Service, Tianjin 300171, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>09</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>30</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Bo Ping et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-1164/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-1164/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-1164/egusphere-2026-1164.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2026-1164/egusphere-2026-1164.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Satellite-derived oceanic data are frequently affected by cloud cover, resulting in spatiotemporal gaps. The Multi-DINEOF method is widely used to reconstruct multiple oceanic variables. However, Multi-DINEOF essentially remains a matrix-based DINEOF approach and does not fully leverage the correlations among multiple variables. To address this limitation, this study proposes the T-DINEOF model, aiming to improve the accuracy of reconstructing multiple oceanic variables simultaneously. When applied to sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface chlorophyll-a (SCHL), and sea surface wind (SSW) collectively, T-DINEOF reduces root mean square error (RMSE) by 12.9 %, mean absolute error (MAE) by 13.8 %, and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) by 11.9 % compared to Multi-DINEOF. For each individual oceanic variable, T-DINEOF outperforms both Multi-DINEOF and the original DINEOF methods, reducing RMSE by 9.0 and 14.7 %, MAE by 10.5 and 14.6 %, and MAPE by 13.7 and 13.4 % for SST; reducing RMSE by 9.3 and 11.8 %, MAE by 9.9 and 13.4 %, and MAPE by 8.3 and 11.8 % for SCHL; and reducing RMSE by 16.6 and 3.7 %, MAE by 16.8 and 3.5 %, and MAPE by 16.4 and 3.1 % for SSW. Additionally, T-DINEOF proves effective in regions with a high proportion of missing data and in cases of low data correlation.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="30"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>National Natural Science Foundation of China</funding-source>
<award-id>42101338</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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