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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2025-6310</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Gas-particle partitioning, molecular weight, and yield of organic nitrate under different urban VOC, NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;, and oxidation conditions during SAPHIR-CHANEL campaign</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Nursanto</surname>
<given-names>Farhan R.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1609-5424</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>He</surname>
<given-names>Quanfu</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3229-8206</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13">
<sup>13</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>van de Wouw</surname>
<given-names>Sophia</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zanders</surname>
<given-names>Annika</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hohaus</surname>
<given-names>Thorsten</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5722-6244</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kroese</surname>
<given-names>Willem S. J.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1066-3412</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wegener</surname>
<given-names>Robert</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2042-9333</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Adam</surname>
<given-names>Max Gerrit</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Winter</surname>
<given-names>Benjamin</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dubus</surname>
<given-names>René</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kesper</surname>
<given-names>Lukas</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Rohrer</surname>
<given-names>Franz</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>Yuwei</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Matthews</surname>
<given-names>Emily</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Voliotis</surname>
<given-names>Aristeidis</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9710-9851</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bannan</surname>
<given-names>Thomas J.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1760-6522</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>McFiggans</surname>
<given-names>Gordon</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3423-7896</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Coe</surname>
<given-names>Hugh</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3264-1713</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wu</surname>
<given-names>Yizhen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Roska</surname>
<given-names>Milan</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2806-7755</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Canagaratna</surname>
<given-names>Manjula</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8803-4007</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Alton</surname>
<given-names>Mitch</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7119-3706</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Coggon</surname>
<given-names>Matthew M.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-1925</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Stockwell</surname>
<given-names>Chelsea E.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3462-2126</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bates</surname>
<given-names>Kelvin H.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7544-9580</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Pfannerstill</surname>
<given-names>Eva Y.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7715-1200</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">
<sup>9</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zorn</surname>
<given-names>Sören R.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4827-1642</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wang</surname>
<given-names>Hui</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3773-7642</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Riva</surname>
<given-names>Matthieu</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0054-4131</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">
<sup>10</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Perrier</surname>
<given-names>Sebastien</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">
<sup>10</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Yang</surname>
<given-names>Boxing</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">
<sup>11</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Liu</surname>
<given-names>Lu</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9818-6282</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">
<sup>11</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Novelli</surname>
<given-names>Anna</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2077-7573</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Färber</surname>
<given-names>Michelle</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Fuchs</surname>
<given-names>Hendrik</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1263-0061</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">
<sup>12</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Marcillo Lara</surname>
<given-names>Andrea Carolina</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Grasse</surname>
<given-names>Achim</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wesolek</surname>
<given-names>Christian</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-2816</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Tillmann</surname>
<given-names>Ralf</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0648-6622</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Holzinger</surname>
<given-names>Rupert</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1902-1824</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Krol</surname>
<given-names>Maarten C.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3506-2477</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gkatzelis</surname>
<given-names>Georgios I.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4608-3695</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Fry</surname>
<given-names>Juliane L.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1799-5828</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, 6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Climate and Energy Systems, ICE-3: Troposphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, 52428, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Department of Physics, Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584CC, Utrecht, Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<addr-line>Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff7">
<label>7</label>
<addr-line>Chemical Sciences Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff8">
<label>8</label>
<addr-line>Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff9">
<label>9</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50969, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff10">
<label>10</label>
<addr-line>Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS, IRCELYON 69626, Villeurbanne, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff11">
<label>11</label>
<addr-line>PSI Center for Energy and Environmental Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff12">
<label>12</label>
<addr-line>Department of Physics, University of Cologne, Cologne, 50923, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff13">
<label>13</label>
<addr-line>now at: Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Thrust, Function Hub, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 511453, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>12</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2026</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>38</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2026 Farhan R. Nursanto et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2025-6310/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2025-6310/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2025-6310/egusphere-2025-6310.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2026/egusphere-2025-6310/egusphere-2025-6310.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) involving hydroxyl radicals (OH&lt;sup&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;), nitrogen oxides (NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;), or nitrate radicals (NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;) forms organic nitrates that undergo gas-particle partitioning, changing the lifetime of nitrogen compounds and their deposition on ecosystems. In urban areas, VOC composition is complex, with contributions from traffic, cooking, volatile chemical products (VCPs), and biogenic emissions. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from urban VOC mixtures was investigated using chamber experiments during the SAPHIR-CHANEL campaign under realistic VOC-NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; and oxidation conditions. The yield of total organic nitrates is higher for precursor mixtures with a higher percentage of unsaturated VOCs, such as those from traffic and cooking sources (11&amp;ndash;21 %), compared to VCPs and complex urban emission replicas (2&amp;ndash;7 %). Enhanced particle-phase partitioning is observed under nighttime oxidation (by NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;) versus daytime oxidation (by OH&lt;sup&gt;.&lt;/sup&gt;). Particulate organic nitrates have a higher average molecular weight under nighttime conditions (331&lt;span&gt;&amp;thinsp;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;plusmn;&lt;span&gt;&amp;thinsp;&lt;/span&gt;13 g mol&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) than under daytime conditions (258&lt;span&gt;&amp;thinsp;&lt;/span&gt;&amp;plusmn;&lt;span&gt;&amp;thinsp;&lt;/span&gt;24 g mol&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) due to increased oligomerization. Similarly, the mass fraction of the total organic aerosol that is organic nitrate is 2.6&amp;ndash;4.5 times higher under nighttime than daytime conditions, likely due to higher molecular weight and lower temperatures. Although gas-phase organic nitrate composition varies substantially between precursor mixtures, bulk organic nitrate volatility is generally similar to that of modeled oxidized monoterpene nitrates (10&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/span&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;ndash;10&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/span&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &amp;mu;g&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;minus;&lt;/span&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; at 18&amp;ndash;40 &lt;span&gt;&amp;deg;&lt;/span&gt;C). These findings improve understanding of bulk organic nitrate sources and properties in a complex urban environment, allowing better simulations of air quality and nitrate deposition.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="38"/></counts>
<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>European Research Council</funding-source>
<award-id>101076276</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs2">
<funding-source>European Commission</funding-source>
<award-id>101008004</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs3">
<funding-source>European Research Council</funding-source>
<award-id>852161</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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<back>
</back>
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