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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2025-4808</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Toward Exascale Climate Modelling: A Python DSL Approach to ICON&amp;rsquo;s (Icosahedral Non-hydrostatic) Dynamical Core (icon-exclaim v0.2.0)</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dipankar</surname>
<given-names>Anurag</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1410-4324</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bianco</surname>
<given-names>Mauro</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bukenberger</surname>
<given-names>Mona</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0171-2996</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ehrengruber</surname>
<given-names>Till</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Farabullini</surname>
<given-names>Nicoletta</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gopal</surname>
<given-names>Abishek</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hupp</surname>
<given-names>Daniel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Jocksch</surname>
<given-names>Andreas</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kellerhals</surname>
<given-names>Samuel</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kroll</surname>
<given-names>Clarissa A.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-418X</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lapillonne</surname>
<given-names>Xavier</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6114-4321</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Leclair</surname>
<given-names>Matthieu</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Luz</surname>
<given-names>Magdalena</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Müller</surname>
<given-names>Christoph</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ong</surname>
<given-names>Chia Rui</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Osuna</surname>
<given-names>Carlos</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Pothapakula</surname>
<given-names>Praveen</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Röthlin</surname>
<given-names>Matthias</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sawyer</surname>
<given-names>William</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Serafini</surname>
<given-names>Giacomo</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Vogt</surname>
<given-names>Hannes</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Weber</surname>
<given-names>Ben</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Schulthess</surname>
<given-names>Thomas</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Center for Climate System Modelling C2SM, ETH Zürich, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Sciences IAC, ETH Zürich, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Swiss National Supercomputing Centre CSCS, ETH Zürich, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>14</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2025</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>26</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2025 Anurag Dipankar et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-4808/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-4808/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-4808/egusphere-2025-4808.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-4808/egusphere-2025-4808.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>A refactored atmospheric dynamical core of the ICON model implemented in GT4Py, a Python-based domain-specific language designed for performance portability across heterogeneous CPU-GPU architectures, is presented. Integrated within the existing Fortran infrastructure, the GT4Py core achieves throughput slightly exceeding the optimized OpenACC version, reaching up to 213 simulation days per day when using a quarter of CSCS&amp;rsquo;s ALPS GPUs.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A multi-tiered testing strategy has been implemented to ensure numerical correctness and scientific reliability of the model code. Validation has been performed through global aquaplanet and prescribed sea-surface temperature simulations to demonstrate model&amp;rsquo;s capability to simulate mesoscale and its interaction with the larger-scale at km-scale grid spacing. This work establishes a foundation for architecture-agnostic ICON global climate and weather model, and highlights poor strong scaling as a potential bottleneck in scaling toward exascale performance.</p>
</abstract>
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</article-meta>
</front>
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