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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2025-4762</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Bottom topography effects on abyssal diapycnal mixing in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kokoszka</surname>
<given-names>Florian</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5346-3058</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Sparnocchia</surname>
<given-names>Stefania</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7834-7421</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Cavaliere</surname>
<given-names>Davide</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Artale</surname>
<given-names>Vincenzo</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1116-8856</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Borghini</surname>
<given-names>Mireno</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Giambenedetti</surname>
<given-names>Beatrice</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9483-2910</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Falcini</surname>
<given-names>Federico</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples 80121, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Istituto di Scienze Marine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Trieste 34149, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Istituto di Scienze Marine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma 00133, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Istituto di Scienze Marine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Lerici 19032, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Roma 00143, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>09</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2025</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>29</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2025 Florian Kokoszka et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-4762/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-4762/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-4762/egusphere-2025-4762.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-4762/egusphere-2025-4762.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>The abyssal Ionian Sea is a deep region of interest for the entire ocean circulation of the Mediterranean Sea, since it plays an important role in the ventilation processes of the whole basin. Here we investigate spatial patterns of diapycnal mixing due to internal waves, over the bottom of the Ionian sub-basin. To identify regional features of the internal wave field in terms of vertical shear and strain, we analyze LADCP and CTD profiles, measured across the basin in 2007, covering various seafloor morphologies (shelf, shelf break, and abyssal plain). Our results show that increasing seafloor roughness reduces the variability of the shear-to-strain ratio, a pattern also influenced by correlations between slope and roughness. Roughness appears to constrain waves toward higher frequencies, with high shear-to-strain ratios associated with lower frequencies and flatter propagation angles, and low ratios linked to higher frequencies and steeper beams. Spectral analyses indicate that rougher regions enhance strain variance at small vertical scales while reducing shear variance at larger scales, leading to flatter shear spectra in the low-wavenumber band. Together, these findings suggest that roughness redistributes energy from large-scale toward small-scale, fundamentally altering the balance of internal wave energy across scales. These results expand our insights for 3D ocean circulation models, providing useful knowledge for ad hoc parameterization of mixing that should capture abyssal, internal wave&amp;ndash;driven processes in the Mediterranean Sea.</p>
</abstract>
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