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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2025-4683</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Invited perspectives: Towards usable compound event research</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kornuber</surname>
<given-names>Kai</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bevacqua</surname>
<given-names>Emanuele</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0472-5183</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Madruga de Brito</surname>
<given-names>Mariana</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4191-1647</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Jäger</surname>
<given-names>Wiebke S.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8628-6060</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Rivoire</surname>
<given-names>Pauline</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1008-0986</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
<sup>6</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
<sup>7</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Rogers</surname>
<given-names>Cassandra D. W.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3752-7378</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
<sup>8</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Banfi</surname>
<given-names>Fabiola</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9774-9071</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">
<sup>9</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Batibeniz</surname>
<given-names>Fulden</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1751-3385</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">
<sup>10</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">
<sup>11</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">
<sup>12</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Carruthers</surname>
<given-names>James</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13">
<sup>13</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>de Michele</surname>
<given-names>Carlo</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7098-4725</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">
<sup>9</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>de Angeli</surname>
<given-names>Silvia</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8293-9502</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14">
<sup>14</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15">
<sup>15</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Deidda</surname>
<given-names>Cristina</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7054-5511</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16">
<sup>16</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>de Ruiter</surname>
<given-names>Marleen C.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5991-8842</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Fink</surname>
<given-names>Andreas H.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5840-2120</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">
<sup>17</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Goulart</surname>
<given-names>Henrique M. D.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9670-4250</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18">
<sup>18</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Küpfer</surname>
<given-names>Katharina</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3986-6840</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">
<sup>17</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ludwig</surname>
<given-names>Patrick</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3655-7890</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">
<sup>17</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Maraun</surname>
<given-names>Douglas</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4076-0456</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19">
<sup>19</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Messori</surname>
<given-names>Gabriele</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2032-5211</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff20">
<sup>20</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff21">
<sup>21</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff22">
<sup>22</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Nath</surname>
<given-names>Shruti</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4449-1621</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff23">
<sup>23</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>O’Loughlin</surname>
<given-names>Fiachra</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9435-8278</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff24">
<sup>24</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Pinto</surname>
<given-names>Joaquim G.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8865-1769</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">
<sup>17</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Poschlod</surname>
<given-names>Benjamin</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-2514</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff25">
<sup>25</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ramos</surname>
<given-names>Alexandre M.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3129-7233</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">
<sup>17</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Raymond</surname>
<given-names>Colin</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3093-5774</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff26">
<sup>26</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ribeiro</surname>
<given-names>Andreia F. S.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0481-0337</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff27">
<sup>27</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Singh</surname>
<given-names>Deepti</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff28">
<sup>28</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Gutierrez</surname>
<given-names>Laura Suarez</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0008-5943</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff29">
<sup>29</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">
<sup>12</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ward</surname>
<given-names>Philip J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
<sup>5</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18">
<sup>18</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>White</surname>
<given-names>Christopher J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff30">
<sup>30</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York City, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Department of Compound Environmental Risks, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>Department of Urban and Environmental Sociology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff5">
<label>5</label>
<addr-line>Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff6">
<label>6</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, Faculty of Geosciences and Environment, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff7">
<label>7</label>
<addr-line>School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering (ENAC), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff8">
<label>8</label>
<addr-line>Bureau of Meteorology, Melbourne, Australia</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff9">
<label>9</label>
<addr-line>Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff10">
<label>10</label>
<addr-line>Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff11">
<label>11</label>
<addr-line>Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff12">
<label>12</label>
<addr-line>Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff13">
<label>13</label>
<addr-line>Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff14">
<label>14</label>
<addr-line>Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-54000 Nancy, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff15">
<label>15</label>
<addr-line>Université de Lorraine, LOTERR, F-57000 Metz, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff16">
<label>16</label>
<addr-line>Department of Water and Climate, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff17">
<label>17</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Troposphere Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff18">
<label>18</label>
<addr-line>Deltares, Delft, The Netherlands</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff19">
<label>19</label>
<addr-line>Wegener Center for Climate and Global Change, University of Graz, Graz, Austria</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff20">
<label>20</label>
<addr-line>Dept. of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff21">
<label>21</label>
<addr-line>Swedish Centre for Impacts of Climate Extremes (climes), Uppsala, Sweden</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff22">
<label>22</label>
<addr-line>Dept. of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff23">
<label>23</label>
<addr-line>Department of Physics, University of Oxford, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff24">
<label>24</label>
<addr-line>UCD Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, University College Dublin, Ireland</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff25">
<label>25</label>
<addr-line>Research Unit Sustainability and Climate Risk, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff26">
<label>26</label>
<addr-line>University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff27">
<label>27</label>
<addr-line>Department of Urban and Environmental Sociology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research- UFZ, Leipzig, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff28">
<label>28</label>
<addr-line>School of the Environment, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, USA</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff29">
<label>29</label>
<addr-line>Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE), Paris, France</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff30">
<label>30</label>
<addr-line>University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>12</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2025</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>38</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2025 Kai Kornuber et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-4683/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-4683/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-4683/egusphere-2025-4683.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-4683/egusphere-2025-4683.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Supporting stakeholders with science-based decision-making to mitigate and adapt to climate change impacts is a central mandate of the climate research community. In particular, mapping out scenario-dependent climate risk landscapes is one of the most pressing challenges. Increasingly, communities and regions are experiencing high-impact climate and weather extremes that arise from a complex interplay of processes and events acting across various spatial and temporal scales. To account for these emerging trends, there is a growing recognition that both climate impact and early warning research needs to incorporate risks from compound events to better inform climate adaptation and mitigation efforts. This demand for more fine-grained and applicable knowledge gives rise to new data and modeling needs, and can increase uncertainties. Consequently, new methodological approaches and effective communication strategies are required for making research usable outside scientific communities. In this perspective, we reflect on this usability challenge by discussing impact data products, early warning and modeling capabilities, and communication tools, urging climate impact scientists to increasingly incorporate usability considerations in their research to meet the pressing demand for usable compound event research.</p>
</abstract>
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</article-meta>
</front>
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<back>
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