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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2025-436</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>NutGEnIE 1.0: nutrient cycle extensions to the cGEnIE Earth system model to examine the long-term influence of nutrients on oceanic primary production</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Stappard</surname>
<given-names>David A.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8991-169X</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Wilson</surname>
<given-names>Jamie D.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7509-4791</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Yool</surname>
<given-names>Andrew</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9879-2776</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Tyrrell</surname>
<given-names>Toby</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Dept. of Earth, Ocean and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GP United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>17</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2025</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>33</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2025 David A. Stappard et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-436/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-436/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-436/egusphere-2025-436.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-436/egusphere-2025-436.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Understanding the nuances of the effects of nutrient limitation on oceanic primary production has been the focus of many bioassay experiments by oceanographers. A theme of these investigations is that they identify the currently limiting nutrient at a given location, or in other words they identify the proximate limiting nutrient (PLN). However, the ultimate limiting nutrient (ULN; the nutrient whose supply controls system productivity over extensive timescales) can be different from the PLN. Our motivation is to investigate the identity of the ULN. To facilitate this the &lt;strong&gt;c&lt;/strong&gt;arbon-centric &lt;strong&gt;G&lt;/strong&gt;rid &lt;strong&gt;En&lt;/strong&gt;abled &lt;strong&gt;I&lt;/strong&gt;ntegrated &lt;strong&gt;E&lt;/strong&gt;arth system model (cGEnIE) &lt;strong&gt;nut&lt;/strong&gt;rient cycles have been extended to create NutGEnIE. NutGEnIE incorporates the nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron. The impacts of diazotrophs, capable of fixing nitrogen, are represented alongside those of other phytoplankton. NutGEnIE is capable of extended model simulations necessary to investigate the ULN while, at the same time, including iron as a potentially limiting nutrient. NutGEnIE will be described, with particular focus on the biogeochemical cycles of iron, nitrogen and phosphorus. Model results are compared to ocean observational data to assess the degree of realism. Model-data comparisons include physical properties, nutrient concentrations, and process rates (e.g., export and nitrogen fixation). These comparisons support the conclusion that NutGEnIE is appropriate for the investigation of the ULN.</p>
</abstract>
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<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>Natural Environment Research Council</funding-source>
<award-id>NE/S007210/1</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
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