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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">EGUsphere</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>EGUsphere</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">EGUsphere</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub"></issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/egusphere-2024-1621</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Technical note: Refining &amp;delta;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;N isotopic fingerprints of local NOx for accurate source identification of nitrate in PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Xiao</surname>
<given-names>Hao</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Li</surname>
<given-names>Qinkai</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Ding</surname>
<given-names>Shiyuan</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dai</surname>
<given-names>Wenjing</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Cui</surname>
<given-names>Gaoyang</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
<sup>4</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Li</surname>
<given-names>Xiaodong</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences and Planning, Nanchang, 330039, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff4">
<label>4</label>
<addr-line>The College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>27</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>2024</volume>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>30</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2024 Hao Xiao et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2024</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2024/egusphere-2024-1621/">This article is available from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2024/egusphere-2024-1621/</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2024/egusphere-2024-1621/egusphere-2024-1621.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2024/egusphere-2024-1621/egusphere-2024-1621.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Stable nitrogen isotopic composition (&amp;delta;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;N) has proven to be a valuable tool for identifying sources of nitrates (NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;ndash;&lt;/sup&gt;) in PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;. However, the absence of a systematic study on the &amp;delta;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;N values of domestic NOx sources hinders accurate identification of NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;ndash;&lt;/sup&gt; sources in China. Here, we systematically determined and refined &amp;delta;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;N values for six categories of NOx sources in the local Tianjin area using an active sampling method. Moreover, the &amp;delta;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;N values of NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;ndash;&lt;/sup&gt; in PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; were measured during pre-heating, mid-heating and late-heating periods, which are the most heavily polluted in Tianjin. Results shown that the representative nature and region-specific characteristics of isotopic fingerprints for six categories of NOx sources in Tianjin. The Bayesian isotope mixing (MixSIAR) model demonstrated that coal combustion, biomass burning, and vehicle exhaust collectively contributed more than 60 %, dominating the sources of NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;ndash;&lt;/sup&gt; during sampling periods in Tianjin. However, failure to consider the isotopic signatures of local NOx sources could result in an underestimation of the contribution from coal combustion. Additionally, the absence of industrial sources, an uncharacterized source in previous studies, may directly result in the contribution fraction of other sources being overestimated by the model more than 15 %. Notably, as the number of sources input to the model increased, the contribution of various NOx sources was becoming more stable, and the inter-influence between various sources significantly reduced. This study demonstrated that the refined isotopic fingerprint in a region-specific context could more effectively distinguish source of NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;ndash;&lt;/sup&gt;, thereby providing valuable insights for controlling NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&amp;ndash;&lt;/sup&gt; pollution.</p>
</abstract>
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<funding-group>
<award-group id="gs1">
<funding-source>National Natural Science Foundation of China</funding-source>
<award-id>42273020</award-id>
<award-id>41773006</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs2">
<funding-source></funding-source>
<award-id>GZC20231552</award-id>
</award-group>
<award-group id="gs3">
<funding-source>Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin Municipality</funding-source>
<award-id>22JCQNJC00700</award-id>
</award-group>
</funding-group>
</article-meta>
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